This document describes techniques and apparatuses for implementing adaptive low-light identification. These techniques and apparatuses enable a computing device to capture infrared (IR) imagery of a person and determine, based on previously-captured IR imagery of multiple people, an identity of the person. Visible-light imagery of the identified person can then be retrieved and combined with the IR imagery to provide composite imagery of the person, which is presented to a user. By so doing, the user can more-easily identify the person, particularly in low-light conditions.