Provided are a lighting device having improved workability of a loading operation of an optical sheet in the lighting device whose error of members is large, and a display apparatus including the lighting device. A lighting device, which includes a light guide plate 11, an optical sheet 15 configured to diffuse or collect light emitted from the light guide plate 11, and a housing part 13 in which the light guide plate 11 and the optical sheet 15 are laminated and housed, includes a plurality of holding parts (optical sheet holding parts 134) which are provided in the housing part (a back housing part 13) to support the optical sheet 15 in the housing part, wherein the optical sheet 15 has a plurality of hole parts (through holes 151b) formed therein corresponding to the holding parts, in which the holding parts penetrate, and cross sections of the plurality of holding parts parallel to the optical sheet 15 have areas smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the hole parts, and a difference between the cross-sectional areas of the hole parts and the areas of the cross sections of the holding parts is not constant.