Estimating casing wear during a reciprocation portion of a drilling operation may take into account the forces that cause casing wear during the up and down strokes independently. For example, during a drilling operation, a method may include reciprocating the drill string through the wellbore for a plurality of up strokes and a plurality of down strokes according to reciprocation parameters; calculating an up stroke normal force and a down stroke normal force for the casing or a section thereof; calculating up and down stroke casing wears based on the up and down stroke normal forces, respectively, using a reciprocation casing wear model; calculating a reciprocation casing wear based on the up and down stroke casing wears; and calculating a total casing wear for the casing or the section thereof based on the reciprocation casing wear using a total casing wear model.