In one aspect of the disclosure, a cylinder-driven lifting mechanism of a compaction machine includes a cylinder having a first end and a second end, a fixed pulley set, a movable pulley set, a rope having a head end, and a tail end configured to connect a compaction hammer. The first end of the cylinder is connected to a vehicle body of the compaction machine and the second end of the cylinder is connected to the movable pulley set. The rope is wound on the fixed pulley set and the movable pulley set and is then connected to the compaction hammer. When the cylinder performs extension and refraction movement, the movable pulley set moves with the cylinder, the distance between the movable pulley set and the fixed pulley set increases or decreases, and the compaction hammer connected to the tail end of the rope is lifted up or dropped respectively.