An ultrasonic atomizer for maintaining a constant temperature of an ultrasonic vibration generating unit by decreasing a temperature at the periphery of the ultrasonic vibration generating unit even under an environment in which the ultrasonic vibration generating unit is exposed to a high temperature is provided. The ultrasonic atomizer includes: an ultrasonic vibration generating unit which generates ultrasonic waves and atomizes a spray material; a nozzle unit; a heat exchange unit which cools heat generated from the ultrasonic vibration generating unit; and a housing which has heat exchange chambers, where the heat exchange chambers include: a vortex chamber which is positioned in the housing at the periphery of the ultrasonic vibration generating unit and guides a vortex flow; and a thermal insulation chamber which surrounds the vortex chamber and has a separation wall which abuts the vortex chamber, and includes an internal thermal insulation space.