A self-position calculating apparatus includes: a light projector configured to project a patterned light beam onto a road surface around a vehicle; an image capturing unit configured to capture and obtain an image of the road surface around the vehicle covering an area of the projected patterned light beam; an orientation angle calculator configured to calculate an orientation angle of the vehicle relative to the road surface from; a feature point detector configured to detect multiple feature points on the road surface; an orientation change amount calculator configured to calculate an amount of change in the orientation of the vehicle; and a self-position calculator configured to calculate a current position and a current orientation angle of the vehicle. The light projector selectively projects the patterned light beam onto a specific patterned light beam-projected region out of the multiple patterned light beam-projected regions.