The present invention discloses a light signal-based information processing method and device. The method includes: receiving trigger information; extracting corresponding information according to the trigger information; sending the extracted information in a form of a visible light signal, or receiving a visible light signal; obtaining modification of user information and user information according to the visible light signal; and modifying stored user list information according to the modification of user information and the user information, so that an authorization information list of a light signal receiving device can be modified conveniently no matter whether the light signal receiving device is fixed in a specific system.