An encrypted cached content system includes a user IHS, a content provider IHS, and a caching IHS. The caching IHS includes a caching engine that is configured to receive a content request from the user IHS. The caching engine generates a user-side key using content identifying information in the content request, and forwards the content request to the content provider IHS over a network as a content partial information request. In response to receiving a content partial information response from the content provider IHS over a network, the caching engine generates a content-provider-side key using header information in the content partial information response. The caching engine performs a hashing operation on the content request using a combination of the user-side key and the content-provider-side key to produce a hashed content request, and uses the hashed content request to retrieve content from the cache.