A configurable deflection system for an incident microwave frequency beam exhibiting a wavelength contained in a band of wavelengths corresponding to the microwave frequencies, comprising: a first and a second diffractive dielectric component suitable for each performing a rotation about a rotation axis Z, the deflection system being suitable for generating a microwave frequency beam by diffraction of the incident microwave frequency beam on the first and second components, the microwave frequency beam being oriented according to an angle that is a function of the angular positioning between the first and said second diffractive components, the first and second components respectively exhibiting a first and second periodic structure of first and second periods according to a first and second axis, the first and second structures respectively comprising a plurality of first and second primary microstructures formed respectively on a first and second substrate of first and second substrate refractive indices.