Apparatuses and methods for improved substrate defect detection is provided. Substrate defects may be detected, possibly with defect detection equipment such as laser metrology equipment. Defects smaller than the detection limit of the detection equipment may be decorated with a layer of material to increase the effective sizes of the defects. The thickness and composition of the material deposited may be tuned depending on the composition of the substrate and the defects. The composition of the detected defects may be identified with defect identification equipment. The defect identification equipment may be an electron generating apparatus and the composition of the defects may be identified from the interaction of the electrons with the defect. The deposited material may be removed either before or during the defect identification phase to aid in the identification of the defect composition.