Provided are a method and an apparatus of recovering and encoding for data recovery in a storage system and a distributed storage system of supporting, when a node storing data is lost in a distributed storage environment, a function to recover the lost node. According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, in a method of encoding for recovering data loss in a distributed storage system, it is possible to guarantee jointly optimized locality with respect to a loss of two or more specific numbers of nodes and recover data of lost nodes in the distributed storage system by using a smaller number of nodes while using a smaller storage capacity.