A mobile device protection jacket includes a covering jacket body and a back cover, wherein a front piece is provided on the covering jacket body and a side protection piece is formed on a periphery of the front protection piece in an extending and penetrating manner, so a holding space for holding a mobile device is formed between the front protection piece and side protection piece and embedment catching portions are formed on an outer edge of the side protection piece; and wherein embedment fixing portions are formed on an outer edge of the back cover at positions corresponding to the embedment catching portions on the outer edge of the side protection piece of the covering jacket body, such that the back cover can be jointed and fixed through mutual embedment and catching of the embedment fixing portions and the embedment catching portions of the side protection piece.