A data processing apparatus includes a circuit selector and a data processor. The circuit selector makes a selection, in data processing in which multiple unit processes are each selected and repeated, from a generalized circuit that executes the multiple unit processes and one of dedicated circuits that are each dedicated to a corresponding one of the unit processes, the selection being made repeatedly on a basis of a judgment made using continuous repeat counts each of which indicates how many times a corresponding one of the unit processes is continuously repeated. The data processor selectively configures one of the generalized circuit and the dedicated circuit that corresponds to one of results serially obtained from the selection repeatedly made by the circuit selector, the data processor performing the data processing.