An image processing apparatus includes: a text area extractor that extracts multiple text areas from image data including texts; a font size calculator that calculates the font sizes of characters in each text area; a complexity calculator that calculates the complexities of characters in each text; a necessary resolution calculator that calculates a necessary resolution for the each text area with reference to the font sizes and the complexities; a resolution determination portion that merges text areas into a layer if a difference in the necessary resolution between the text areas is equal to or less than a specified value and that determines a necessary resolution for the layer with reference to the necessary resolutions for the text areas constituting the layer; and a resolution adjustment portion that adjusts the necessary resolutions for the text areas constituting the layer to a value identical to the necessary resolution for the layer.