Various examples are provided for enhanced guided surface waveguide probes, systems and methods. In one example, a guided surface waveguide probe includes a charge terminal comprising a upper terminal portion coupled to a lower terminal portion through a variable capacitance. In another example, a method includes positioning the charge terminal at a defined height over a lossy conducting medium; adjusting a phase delay (Φ) of a feed network connected to the charge a terminal to match a wave tilt angle (Ψ) corresponding to a complex Brewster angle of incidence (θi,B) associated with the lossy conducting medium; adjusting the variable capacitance based upon an image ground plane impedance (Zin) associated with the lossy conducting medium; and exciting the charge terminal with an excitation voltage via the feed network. The excitation voltage can establish an electric field that couples into a guided surface waveguide mode along a surface of the lossy conducting medium.