A door opening and closing apparatus for a vehicle includes a transmission gear configured to be driven to rotate by a motor, a pulley arranged coaxially with the transmission gear and configured to open and close a vehicle door by moving a rope member with a rotation of the pulley, an output member arranged coaxially with the transmission gear and configured to bring a door lock to a holding state or a release state with a rotation of the output member, a first clutch housed in the pulley in a state being coaxial with the transmission gear, the first clutch selectively permitting and prohibiting a rotation transmission between the transmission gear and the pulley, and a second clutch housed in the transmission gear in a state being coaxial with the transmission gear, the second clutch selectively permitting and prohibiting a rotation transmission between the transmission gear and the output member.