Provided is an inexpensive scrape-off type heat exchanger that is simple in construction, eliminating the need for using a pump for forcibly feeding the process fluid. With the scrape-off type heat exchanger (1), when a suction delivery element (30) which is rotated, while making a reciprocating motion, being closely contacted with an inner wall (200) of the heat transfer tube (20), is traveled from the process fluid inlet part (21) side toward a process fluid outlet part (22), the process fluid is sucked from a process fluid inlet part (21) into the inside of the heat transfer tube (20), and at the same time, the process fluid, which has already been sucked in, passed through the suction delivery element (30), and discharged to the process fluid outlet part (22) side, through the check valves 310, 320, is forced out to the process fluid outlet part (22). In the inside of the heat transfer tube (20), the process fluid is subjected to heat exchange with a heating/cooling medium which flows in between the jacket tube 10 and the heat transfer tube (20). The process fluid attached to the inner wall (200) of the heat transfer tube (20) is scraped off while the scraping part (33) being rotated.