An electronic device with waterproof structure includes an assembly and a manipulation member movably disposed on an outer surface of the assembly. The assembly includes a case and an optical detection module. The case defines a waterproof space and has a translucent region. The optical detection module is arranged in the waterproof space. The optical detection module has a lighting unit and a sensor array. Light emitted from the lighting unit enables to travel out of the waterproof space by penetrating through the translucent region. At least part of the manipulation member is corresponding in position to the translucent region. The lighting unit is configured to emit light onto the manipulation member, and the sensor array is configured to receive the light reflected from the manipulation member.