A process for the hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock in which: a) at least one hydrotreatment step is implemented in which at least a part of said feedstock and a gaseous flow comprising hydrogen is brought into contact with a hydrotreatment catalyst to obtain a hydrotreated effluent comprising hydrogen, and sulphurous and nitrogenous compounds; b) the hydrotreated effluent is separated to obtain a first gaseous effluent and a first liquid effluent; c) the first liquid effluent is expanded and the first liquid effluent is separated to obtain a second gaseous effluent and a second liquid effluent; d) the second gaseous effluent is cooled and separated to obtain a third gaseous effluent and a third liquid effluent; and e) a part of the third gaseous effluent is recycled.