The present disclosure teaches a graphene backlight module and a liquid crystal display (LCD) device including the backlight module. The backlight module includes a lower substrate, a number of graphene sources, a number of graphene drains, a graphene light generation layer, a first insulating protection layer, a number of graphene gates, and a second insulating protection layer. Graphene is used to make the gates, sources, drains, and the light generation layer of the backlight module. The graphene backlight module therefore functions both as a lighting unit and a driving unit to the liquid crystal, thereby simplifying the LCD device's structure and manufacturing process. In addition, as there is no need for the light guide plate and optical films required by conventional backlight modules, the thinning of the LCD device is achievable.