A method performed by a video decoding apparatus, includes: identifying a current block to be decoded by dividing a maximum size block; decoding, from a bitstream, block mode information indicating whether a block mode of the current block to be decoded is a skip mode; when the block mode information indicates that the block mode of the current block is the skip mode, decoding, from the bitstream, a skip motion information of the current block and determining a motion vector of the current block based on the skip motion information, predicting the current block using the determined motion vector current block, and reconstructing the current block directly from the predicted block, without decoding information on residual signals of the current block from the bitstream.