An electrochromic composition has an anodic electrochromic compound and a cathodic electrochromic compound, in which the anodic electrochromic compound is represented by General Formula [1] and the cathodic electrochromic compound is represented by General Formula [2] In General Formula 1, A1 to A4 represent substituents, R1 and R2, and R20 and R21 represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent. n is an integer of 1 to 5. X represents a thiophene derivative and Y- represents an anion.