An electronic device, a system and a method for diet management based on image analysis are provided. The system includes a computer and a database. The computer comprises a processor for performing the following operations: capturing at least one diet image via an image capture device; pre-processing the at least one diet image so as to obtain at least one diet region from the at least one diet image and obtain at least one detailed food segment from the diet region; extracting at least one diet image feature from the at least one detailed food segment; determining a diet type of the at least one detailed food segment based on the at least one diet image feature; and providing a personal diet characteristic analysis based on the diet type and an area of the at least one detailed food segment.