Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) binding antibodies are provided to prevent or to inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and neointima formation in blood vessels. Furthermore, there are provided antibodies that effectively inhibit remodelling of vessels and prevent progression of arteriosclerosis as well as restenosis of vessels. The provided antibodies block the interaction between MF AP4 and integrin receptors.