Abstract:
A system for producing an in-situ foam, which comprises the components from 50 to 98% by weight of one or more inorganic fillers A), from 1 to 48% by weight of one or more water-soluble, cationic polymers B), from 0.5 to 48% by weight of one or more surfactants C), from 0.01 to 5% by weight of one or more crosslinkers D) which are capable of reacting with the polymers B), from 0 to 20% by weight of one or more additives E), where the percentages by weight of the components A) to E) are based on the nonaqueous fraction and the sum of A) to E) is 100% by weight, process for producing an in-situ foam using the components of the system and foaming by means of a gas or a gas mixture and use for thermal insulation and filling of hollow spaces and hollow bodies.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for producing expandable pelletized material which comprises polylactic acid which comprises the following steps: a) melting and incorporation by mixing of polylactic acid, one or more further polymers, a diepoxide or polyepoxide, and one or more additives, b) incorporation by mixing of an organic blowing agent into the polymer melt by means of a static or dynamic mixer at a temperature of at least 140° C., c) discharging through a die plate with holes, the diameter of which at the exit from the die is at most 1.5 mm, and d) pelletizing the melt comprising blowing agent directly downstream of the die plate, and under water, at a pressure in the range from 1 to 20 bar. The invention further relates to expandable pelletized material which comprises polylactic acid and which is obtainable by said process.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for production of expanded pellets from a polymer melt comprising a blowing agent, said process comprising the steps of: a) pressing the polymer melt comprising a blowing agent through a perforated disk controlled to a temperature between 150° C. and 280° C. and into a pelletizing chamber, b) using a cutting device to comminute the polymer melt pressed through the temperature-controlled perforated disk into individual expanding pellets, c) discharging the pellets from the pelletizing chamber using a liquid stream, wherein the blowing agent comprises CO2 or N2 or a combination of CO2 and N2 and the pelletizing chamber is traversed by a stream of liquid which is controlled to a temperature between 10° C. and 60° C. and the pressure of which is from 0.7 bar to 20 bar above ambient pressure, the pressure and temperature for the liquid in the pelletizing chamber and also the temperature for the perforated disk being chosen such that the pellets are expanded in the pressurized liquid by the blowing agent they contain so as to produce expanded pellets having an uninterrupted skin.
Abstract:
Expandable-polymer-particle material comprising at least one thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with Vicat softening point (in accordance with ISO 306/ASO) below 80° C. and from 5 to 95% by weight of at least one polymer obtainable via free-radical polymerization, based on the entirety of TPU and of the polymer obtainable via free-radical polymerization, where the polymer obtainable via free-radical polymerization has been bonded to the TPU in a manner that gives a comb polymer, graft polymer, or copolymer, is suitable for the production of moldings, in particular for use as insulation material.
Abstract:
A system for producing an in-situ foam, which comprises the components from 50 to 98% by weight of one or more inorganic fillers A), from 1 to 48% by weight of one or more water-soluble, cationic polymers B), from 0.5 to 48% by weight of one or more surfactants C), from 0.01 to 5% by weight of one or more crosslinkers D) which are capable of reacting with the polymers B), from 0 to 20% by weight of one or more additives E), where the percentages by weight of the components A) to E) are based on the nonaqueous fraction and the sum of A) to E) is 100% by weight, process for producing an in-situ foam using the components of the system and foaming by means of a gas or a gas mixture and use for thermal insulation and filling of hollow spaces and hollow bodies.
Abstract:
A process for producing expandable styrene polymers via polymerization of at least one vinylaromatic monomer in aqueous suspension in the presence of at least one halogenated polymer as flame retardant, graphite, and blowing agent, which comprises the presence, in the aqueous suspension at the start of the polymerization reaction, of from 1 to 30% by weight of at least one styrene polymer, based on the entirety of monomers and styrene polymer, and likewise the presence of at least one halogenated polymer as flame retardant in the styrene polymer used at the start of the polymerization reaction.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for production of expanded pellets from a polymer melt comprising a blowing agent, said process comprising the steps of: a) pressing the polymer melt comprising a blowing agent through a perforated disk controlled to a temperature between 150° C. and 280° C. and into a pelletizing chamber, b) using a cutting device to comminute the polymer melt pressed through the temperature-controlled perforated disk into individual expanding pellets, c) discharging the pellets from the pelletizing chamber using a liquid stream, wherein the blowing agent comprises CO2 or N2 or a combination of CO2 and N2 and the pelletizing chamber is traversed by a stream of liquid which is controlled to a temperature between 10° C. and 60° C. and the pressure of which is from 0.7 bar to 20 bar above ambient pressure, the pressure and temperature for the liquid in the pelletizing chamber and also the temperature for the perforated disk being chosen such that the pellets are expanded in the pressurized liquid by the blowing agent they contain so as to produce expanded pellets having an uninterrupted skin.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for producing expandable pelletized material which comprises polylactic acid which comprises the following steps: a) melting and incorporation by mixing of the following components: i) from 61.9 to 98.9% by weight, based on the total weight of components i to iv, of polylactic acid, ii) from 1 to 38% by weight, based on the total weight of components i to iv, of at least one polyhydroxyalkanoate, iii) from 0 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of components i to iv, of at least one polyester based on aliphatic and/or aromatic dicarboxylic acids and on aliphatic dihydroxy compounds; iv) from 0.1 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of components i to iv, of a copolymer which comprises epoxy groups and which is based on styrene, acrylate, and/or methacrylate, and v) from 0 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of components i to v, of one or more additives, b) incorporation by mixing of vi) from 3 to 7% by weight, based on the components i to v) of an organic blowing agent into the polymer melt by means of a static or dynamic mixer at a temperature of at least 140° C., c) discharging through a die plate with holes, the diameter of which at the exit from the die is at most 1.5 mm, and d) pelletizing the melt comprising blowing agent directly downstream of the die plate, and under water, at a pressure in the range from 1 to 30 bar.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to processes for producing melamine-formaldehyde foams, said processes comprising the steps of: a) producing an aqueous mixture M1) comprising 100 parts by weight of at least one melamine-formaldehyde precondensate, 2 to 4 parts by weight of at least one curative, 0.2 to 5 parts by weight of a surfactant mixture, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of at least one salt of an inorganic acid or one salt of an organic carboxylic acid, 1 to 40 parts by weight of at least one blowing agent, 0 to 5 parts by weight of at least one dye and/or optical brightener, 0 to 20 parts by weight of one or more further additives, and 25 to 60 parts by weight of water, b) heating and foaming said mixture M1) using microwave radiation, c) crosslinking and curing the resulting foam using the curative and microwave radiation, d) drying the foam using microwave radiation, and e) annealing the dried foam using hot air, wherein as essential feature of the present invention said mixture M1) comprises a surfactant mixture comprising a mixture of 50 to 90 wt % of an anionic surfactant and 10 to 50 wt % of a nonionic surfactant, wherein the weight percentages are each based on the total weight of the surfactant mixture, and also to melamine-formaldehyde foams obtainable by the processes of the present invention and also to uses of said foams.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to processes for producing melamine-formaldehyde foams, said processes comprising the steps of: a) producing an aqueous mixture M1) comprising 100 parts by weight of at least one melamine-formaldehyde precondensate, 2 to 4 parts by weight of at least one curative, 0.2 to 5 parts by weight of a surfactant mixture, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of at least one salt of an inorganic acid or one salt of an organic carboxylic acid, 1 to 40 parts by weight of at least one blowing agent, 0 to 5 parts by weight of at least one dye and/or optical brightener, 0 to 20 parts by weight of one or more further additives, and 25 to 60 parts by weight of water, b) heating and foaming said mixture M1) using microwave radiation, c) crosslinking and curing the resulting foam using the curative and microwave radiation, d) drying the foam using microwave radiation, and e) annealing the dried foam using hot air, wherein as essential feature of the present invention said mixture M1) comprises a surfactant mixture comprising a mixture of 50 to 90 wt % of an anionic surfactant and 10 to 50 wt % of a nonionic surfactant, wherein the weight percentages are each based on the total weight of the surfactant mixture, and also to melamine-formaldehyde foams obtainable by the processes of the present invention and also to uses of said foams.