Abstract:
A wavelength selective optical cross-connect includes a first demultiplexor feeding into individually removable modules that in turn feed a first multiplexor, such that the cross-connect is expandable and repairable on a wavelength or waveband basis. The modules desirably include multiple optical components in the optical path, with components in each module matched to others in that module to provide module-to-module variation below that of the variation in module components. The modules desirably include an additional demultiplexor and multiplexor. The modules also desirably include wavelength or narrowband amplification together with power equalization. The modules may also include a switch fabric. Alternatively, the switch fabric may be provided in the form of a separate removable switch module or modules, with various technologies employed in various switch modules, including manual switching with automatic connection discovery, with simple plug-in upgradeability to modules having automatic or remotely actuated switching.
Abstract:
An all optical add-drop multiplexer (ADM) includes nonlinear optical loop mirrors (NOLMs) (302, 304) having signal input (I1), gating input (G1), through output (T1) and drop output (D1) ports. A stream of soliton pulses coupled to the gate input (G1), synchronized with soliton signal pulses coupled to the signal input (I1), directs the signal pulses to the drop output (D1) or to the thro output (T1), depending upon the presence or abscence of solitons in the gate signal. Operations such as logic INVERSION and logic AND are effected by the NOLMs (302, 304) and signals may be added through a combination of operations equivalent to a logic "OR". Such combinations are employed to produce one or more drops and one or more adds in an add-drop multiplexer.
Abstract:
An optical cross-connect system provides 4x4 switching matrices and self-healing from any single point of failure. The switching matrices route working traffic and redundant protection traffic between a plurality of client network elements and an optical ring. The system also has a client interface for transporting the working traffic and the protection traffic between the switching matrices and the client network elements. The optical cross-connect system further includes a ring interface for transporting the working traffic and the protection traffic between the switching matrices and the optical ring. The switching matrices are structured so that protection is provided from single point failures by electrical switching at the client network element location. This significantly reduces the need for optical switching within the matrices.
Abstract:
An optical cross-connect system provides 4X4 switching matrices and self- healing from any single point of failure. The switching matrices route worki ng traffic and redundant protection traffic between a plurality of client netwo rk elements and an optical ring. The system also has a client interface for transporting the working traffic and the protection traffic between the switching matrices and the client network elements. The optical cross-connec t system further includes a ring interface for transporting the working traffi c and the protection traffic between the switching matrices and the optical ring. The switching matrices are structured so that protection is provided from single point failures by electrical switching at the client network element location. This significantly reduces the need for optical switching within the matrices.
Abstract:
An optical channel shared protection ring (20) including multiple ring nodes (102, 104, 106, 108), the nodes including optical switch or crossbar capability for performing ring switching for end-node protection switching for wavelengths that may be dropped and added and a non-intrusive optical channel monitor (22, 62) at least on each working channel both on the add and drop side of the node, such that a monitor is always present at both a head-end location where traffic is introduced to the ring and at a tail end location where traffic leaves the ring, so as to be able to trigger end-node protection switching performed by the head-end and tail-end nodes based on the condition of absence of adequate signal at both the head-end and the tail-end location, thus avoiding unnecessary protection switching.
Abstract:
An optical cross-connect system provides 4X4 switching matrices and self-healing from any single point of failure. The switching matrices route working traffic and redundant protection traffic between a plurality of client network elements and an optical ring. The system also has a client interface for transporting the working traffic and the protection traffic between the switching matrices and the client network elements. The optical cross-connect system further includes a ring interface for transporting the working traffic and the protection traffic between the switching matrices and the optical ring. The switching matrices are structured so that protection is provided from single point failures by electrical switching at the client network element location. This significantly reduces the need for optical switching within the matrices.
Abstract:
An optical channel shared protection ring including multiple ring nodes, the nodes including optical switch or crossbar capability for performing ring switching for end-node protection switching for wavelengths that may be dropped and added and a non-intrusive optical channel monitor at least on each working channel both on the add and drop side of the node, such that a monitor is always present at both a head-end location where traffic is introduced to the ring and at a tail end location where traffic leaves the ring, so as to be able to trigger end-node protection switching performed by the head-end and tail-end nodes based on the condition of absence of adequate signal at the tail-end location alone, and not on the condition of absence of adequate signal at both the head-end and the tail-end location, thus avoiding unnecessary protection switching.