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    NDIR gas analysis using spectral ratioing technique
    3.
    发明授权
    NDIR gas analysis using spectral ratioing technique 失效
    NDIR气体分析采用光谱比例技术

    公开(公告)号：US5341214A

    公开(公告)日：1994-08-23

    申请号：US851869

    申请日：1992-03-16

    Applicant: Jacob Y. Wong

    Inventor： Jacob Y. Wong

    IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/18 ,  G01N1/22 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G08B17/117 ,  G08B29/20

    CPC classification number: G01N1/2258 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G08B17/117 ,  G08B29/20 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01N2001/2261 ,  G01N2021/0321 ,  G01N2021/0385 ,  G01N2021/052 ,  G01N21/0332 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N2201/0228 ,  G01N2201/06186 ,  G01N2201/0696

    Abstract: An instrument for determining the concentration of a particular gas that might be present in a sample has no moving parts and is extremely compact and inexpensive. A novel waveguiding structure serves both as an optical element and as the sample chamber. As an optical element, the waveguiding structure collects radiation from a blackbody source located at the entrance end of the waveguiding structure and conducts the radiation through the waveguiding structure, concentrating it on two infrared detectors mounted at the opposite end of the waveguiding structure. As a sample chamber, the waveguiding structure causes the radiation to undergo multiple reflections that result in the average path length being substantially greater than the physical length of the waveguiding structure. Each of the detectors has its own optical filter, and baffling assures that each detector responds only to radiation which has passed through its filter. One filter defines a spectral passband that coincides with the infrared absorption band of the gas to be measured. The other filter defines a non-absorbing or neutral passband. The electrical signals produced by the detectors are processed to provide a ratio, the value of which is related to the concentration of the particular gas to be detected.

    Abstract translation: 用于确定样品中可能存在的特定气体的浓度的仪器没有移动部件，并且非常紧凑和便宜。 新颖的波导结构既用作光学元件又用作样品室。 作为光学元件，波导结构收集来自位于波导结构的入口端的黑体源的辐射，并将辐射传导通过波导结构，将其集中在安装在波导结构的相对端的两个红外检测器上。 作为样品室，波导结构导致辐射经历多次反射，导致平均路径长度远大于波导结构的物理长度。 每个检测器都有自己的光学滤波器，并且挡板确保每个检测器仅响应已经通过其过滤器的辐射。 一个滤光器定义与待测气体的红外吸收带一致的光谱通带。 另一个滤波器定义了非吸收或中性通带。 由检测器产生的电信号被处理以提供一个比率，其值与待检测的特定气体的浓度有关。

    Adaptive fire detector
    4.
    发明授权
    Adaptive fire detector 失效
    自适应火灾探测器

    公开(公告)号：US5369397A

    公开(公告)日：1994-11-29

    申请号：US874394

    申请日：1992-04-27

    Applicant: Jacob Y. Wong

    Inventor： Jacob Y. Wong

    IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/18 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G08B17/117 ,  G08B29/20 ,  G08B17/10

    CPC classification number: G01N21/255 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G08B17/117 ,  G08B29/20 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N2201/0228 ,  G01N2201/06186 ,  G01N2201/0696

    Abstract: The fire detector includes a carbon dioxide sensor and a microcomputer. When the rate of increase of the concentration of carbon dioxide at the sensor exceeds a threshold, an alarm is produced. The threshold is set at one of three possible levels by the microcomputer in response to the state of the atmosphere at the sensor as determined by the microcomputer based on several variables that are derived from the sensed concentration of carbon dioxide. The derived variables include the average concentration of carbon dioxide, the average rate of change of carbon dioxide concentration, the monotonicity of the increase or decrease of the carbon dioxide concentration and the range of concentrations sensed in each cycle of operation. The threshold setting is determined every ten seconds. In this way, the setting of the rate threshold is responsive to variations in the carbon dioxide level at the sensor that are caused by entities other than a fire, such as the presence or absence of people in a closed room.

    Abstract translation: 火灾探测器包括二氧化碳传感器和微型计算机。 当传感器中二氧化碳浓度增加的速度超过阈值时，会产生报警。 由微型计算机响应于由微型计算机确定的气氛状态，根据从感测到的二氧化碳浓度导出的几个变量，阈值被设置在三个可能的水平之一。 衍生变量包括二氧化碳的平均浓度，二氧化碳浓度的平均变化率，二氧化碳浓度的增加或减少的单调性以及在每个操作周期中感测到的浓度范围。 阈值设置每10秒钟确定一次。 以这种方式，速率阈值的设置响应于由火焰以外的实体引起的传感器处的二氧化碳水平的变化，例如在封闭房间中存在或不存在人。

    IMPROVED GAS SAMPLE CHAMBER
    6.
    发明申请
    IMPROVED GAS SAMPLE CHAMBER 审中-公开
    改进气体样品室

    公开(公告)号：WO1993011418A1

    公开(公告)日：1993-06-10

    申请号：PCT/US1991008822

    申请日：1991-11-25

    Applicant: GAZTECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION

    Inventor： GAZTECH INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION ,  WONG, Jacob, Y.

    IPC: G01N01/00

    CPC classification number: G01N21/0303 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01N1/2258 ,  G01N21/0332 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N2001/2261 ,  G01N2021/0321 ,  G01N2021/0385 ,  G01N2021/052 ,  G01N2201/0228 ,  G01N2201/06186 ,  G01N2201/0696 ,  G08B17/117 ,  G08B29/20

    Abstract: A gas sample chamber (10) for use in a gas analyzer consists of an elongated hollow tube (21) having an inwardly-facing specularly-reflective surface (22) that permits the tube to function also as a light pipe for conducting radiation from a source (20) to a detector (16) through the sample gas. A number of apertures (24) in the wall of the elongated hollow tube permit the sample gas to enter and exit. Particles of smoke and dust of a size greater than 0.1 micron are kept out of the chamber by use of a semi-permeable membrane (28) that spans the apertures in the hollow tube. Condensation of the sample gas components is prevented by heating the sample chamber electrically to a temperature above the dew point of the component of concern.

    Abstract translation: 用于气体分析仪的气体样品室（10）由具有向内的镜面反射表面（22）的细长的中空管（21）组成，该中空管（21）允许管也用作用于传导辐射的光管 源（20）通过样品气体传送到检测器（16）。 在细长的中空管的壁中的许多孔（24）允许样品气体进出。 通过使用跨越中空管中的孔的半透膜（28）将尺寸大于0.1微米的烟雾和灰尘颗粒保持在室外。 通过将样品室电加热到高于所关注部件的露点的温度来防止样品气体组分的冷凝。

    DUAL FIBER OPTIC SPECTROPHOTOMETER
    7.
    发明申请
    DUAL FIBER OPTIC SPECTROPHOTOMETER 审中-公开
    双光纤光谱仪

    公开(公告)号：WO1990007697A1

    公开(公告)日：1990-07-12

    申请号：PCT/US1989005826

    申请日：1989-12-26

    Applicant: GUIDED WAVE, INC.

    Inventor： GUIDED WAVE, INC. ,  LEFEBRE, David, A.

    IPC: G01J03/08

    CPC classification number: G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2003/068 ,  G01N2201/04 ,  G01N2201/0833

    Abstract: Spectrophotometric apparatus and methodology suitable for continuous and long-term use. The apparatus includes a monochromator (13) providing pre-dispersed monochromatic light to the optical inputs of a pair of fiber optic cables (34-37) and a translator (43) for alternatively positioning the fiber optic cables (34-37) at the same location with respect to the monochromator output. One of the cables (61) conducts light to a sample under study while the other cable (35b) provides a reference for light intensity measurements. The methodology includes the steps of performing two scans through the monochromator output for each measurement on the sample. The fiber optic cables are moved between scans so that the cable employed in the latter scan occupies the former position of the cable employed in prior scan.

    DUAL FIBER OPTIC SPECTROPHOTOMETER
    8.
    发明授权
    DUAL FIBER OPTIC SPECTROPHOTOMETER 失效
    带双分光光度计光纤。

    公开(公告)号：EP0452403B1

    公开(公告)日：1995-03-22

    申请号：EP90902079.4

    申请日：1989-12-26

    Applicant: UOP

    Inventor： LEFEBRE, David, A.

    IPC: G01J3/08

    CPC classification number: G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2003/068 ,  G01N2201/04 ,  G01N2201/0833

    Abstract: Spectrophotometric apparatus and methodology suitable for continuous and long-term use. The apparatus includes a monochromator (13) providing pre-dispersed monochromatic light to the optical inputs of a pair of fiber optic cables (34-37) and a translator (43) for alternatively positioning the fiber optic cables (34-37) at the same location with respect to the monochromator output. One of the cables (61) conducts light to a sample under study while the other cable (35b) provides a reference for light intensity measurements. The methodology includes the steps of performing two scans through the monochromator output for each measurement on the sample. The fiber optic cables are moved between scans so that the cable employed in the latter scan occupies the former position of the cable employed in prior scan.

    Respiratory CO2 detector circuit with high quality waveform
    9.
    发明公开
    Respiratory CO2 detector circuit with high quality waveform 失效
    具有高质量波形的呼吸二氧化碳探测器电路

    公开(公告)号：EP0271109A3

    公开(公告)日：1990-07-04

    申请号：EP87118352.1

    申请日：1987-12-10

    Applicant: THE PERKIN-ELMER CORPORATION

    Inventor： Mount, Bruce E. ,  Becker, Douglas P.

    IPC: G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/27 ,  A61B5/00

    CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2201/069 ,  G01N2201/127

    Abstract: A respiratory CO₂ detector (10) comprising an infrared lamp source (44) and an infrared detector (50) responsive thereto forming an optical path for detecting the change in CO₂ concentration, or an obstruction in a cuvette (42). The output of the infrared detector (50) provides a continuous high and low voltage signal to be applied to a feedback control loop (12) and to an output circuit (14). The feedback control loop (12) includes a peak detector (22), a contamination detector (24), a pulse­-width modulator (26) and a low pass filter (28), the latter providing a DC bias on the infrared lamp (44). The peak detector (22) is connected to the pulse-width modulator (26) to maintain the lamp voltage constant and is connected to comparators (56,62) to compare both outputs of the peak and contamination detectors (22,24). The contamination detector (24) will respond to blockage in the cuvette (42). The output control circuit (14) includes a sample-and-hold circuit (30) to direct the high and low voltage signal from the detector to a subtractor (32), the output of which is then inverted to provide a high quality waveform.

    Abstract translation: 一种呼吸二氧化碳检测器（10），包括红外灯源（44）和响应于此的红外检测器（50），形成用于检测CO 2浓度变化的光路或者比色杯（42）中的阻塞物。 红外检测器（50）的输出提供要施加到反馈控制回路（12）和输出电路（14）的连续的高和低电压信号。 反馈控制回路（12）包括峰值检测器（22），污染检测器（24），脉冲宽度调制器（26）和低通滤波器（28），后者在红外灯上提供DC偏置 44）。 峰值检测器（22）连接到脉冲宽度调制器（26）以保持灯电压恒定并连接到比较器（56,62）以比较峰值和污染检测器（22,24）的两个输出。 污染检测器（24）将响应于比色皿（42）中的阻塞。 输出控制电路（14）包括采样和保持电路（30），用于将来自检测器的高电压和低电压信号引导到减法器（32），然后将其输出反相以提供高质量的波形。

    Multispectral reflectometer
    10.
    发明授权
    Multispectral reflectometer 失效
    多光谱反射计

    公开(公告)号：US5517302A

    公开(公告)日：1996-05-14

    申请号：US231445

    申请日：1994-04-20

    Applicant: Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

    Inventor： Thornton Stearns ,  Subhash C. Sarkar

    IPC: G01J1/18 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01J3/28

    CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2001/444 ,  G01J2003/421 ,  G01J2003/425 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01N2021/4742

    Abstract: A reflectometer for measuring absorption of light in selected regions of the light spectrum by a diffuse reflector. The reflectometer is adapted to precisely measure absorption resulting from the constituents present in body fluids. The sample to be measured is illuminated by a focussed light source at an angle of 45.degree. to its surface. The light diffusely reflected about the normal to the sample falls on a small round bundle of optical fibers. At the opposite end of the bundle, the fibers are arranged into a narrow rectangle. This rectangle forms the entrance slit for a concave holographic diffraction grating. The grating forms images of this entrance slit spectrally separated over a flat field suitable for recording the spectrum on film or on an array of discrete detectors.

    Abstract translation: 用于通过漫反射器测量光谱的选定区域中的光的吸收的反射计。 反射计适用于精确测量由体液中存在的成分引起的吸收。 要测量的样品被聚焦光源以与其表面成45度的角度照射。 围绕样品的法线漫反射的光落在小圆形光纤束上。 在束的另一端，纤维被布置成窄的矩形。 该矩形形成凹面全息衍射光栅的入口狭缝。 光栅形成在适合于在胶片上或在离散检测器阵列上记录光谱的平坦场上光谱分离的入口狭缝的图像。

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