Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of controlling on-line the steam output of a waste incineration plant that is fed with waste of varying composition. SOLUTION: Process or system quantities (u 2 , u 3 , x GC , x LL , w 0 ) are measured repeatedly, at different times during operation of the plant, and a specific relational expression having linear parameters (θ i ) as coefficients of nonlinear expressions (ψ i ) of the process quantities is established by evaluating the measurements. From this relational expression, an optimal waste feed rate to obtain a desired steam output (M steam ) is determined and applied to a waste feed actuator of the waste incineration plant. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric breaker device (1), especially a high voltage circuit breaker (1), and an improved cooling method of quenching gas. SOLUTION: Cold gas (111) is intermediately stored in exhaust areas (7, 8), and a first partial gas flow (11a) is guided so as to bypass the intermediately stored cold gas (111) and flow into a breaker chamber (2). The intermediately stored cold gas (111) is compulsorily exhausted from the exhaust area (7, 8) by reinforcement of the flow of a second partial gas flow (11b), and mixed to the first partial gas flow (11a) before flowing into a breaker chamber housing (3). COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a present invention related to cooling of electric and/or electronic components, in particular to an electric and/or electronic system with a cabinet, which includes a cabinet housing including a first aperture for receiving a stream of cooling air.SOLUTION: A cabinet housing 406 includes a second aperture for releasing cooling air thereafter in an operating state of the cabinet. At least two modules 102, which each include a guiding structure with an inlet and an outlet, are provided in the cabinet. The at least two modules 102 are arranged in the cabinet housing 406 such that a branch of the major portion of cooling air flowing through a first aperture of the cabinet housing 406 is enabled to flow into each module 102 via the inlet, guided by the guiding structure through the dedicated module 102 to the outlet and thereafter through a second aperture to be discharged from the cabinet housing 406.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for driving control contacts of a plurality of power semiconductor devices such as IGBTs, such that a short circuit between a control contact and a main contact of a power semiconductor device does not affect overall stability and/or controllability of the whole system.SOLUTION: A control contact driving system for a plurality of power semiconductor devices comprises: a current driver unit 1 adapted for providing reference currents for pulling-up and/or pushing-down the control contacts of the power semiconductor devices; and a current distributor unit 3 adapted for amplifying and/or distributing the reference currents to the control contacts of the power semiconductor devices.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of checking whether a change measured by a receiver coil is caused by a crack depth in a metallic material or other parameters influencing changes in a magnetic field, such as distance between coils and an object to be measured, magnetic oxide on a surface, changes in physical characteristics in a constituent material, a position of a crack in relation to the coils, and the length of the crack.SOLUTION: A method comprises the steps of: feeding a current with a first magnitude to a transmitter coil 3 for generating a magnetic field in a metallic material M; controlling the current such that it obtains a second magnitude when the magnetic field penetrates deeper than the deepest crack in the metallic material M; generating a signal in a receiver coil 5 by a detected magnetic field; determining a first characteristic value of the signal in a first time range; determining a second characteristic value of the signal in a second time range after the first time range; and determining a crack depth on the basis of the first characteristic value and the second characteristic value.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To compensate for undesirable saturation of a converter in a converter circuit within a short space of time.SOLUTION: A method for operating a converter circuit is specified. The converter circuit includes a converter unit and a transformer. The transformer includes at least one winding set with a primary winding and a secondary winding. The converter unit is connected, on the AC voltage side, to the primary winding of the respective winding set. In order to compensate for undesirable saturation of the transformer, the converter circuit is used to deliberately apply a DC voltage to the primary winding of the respective winding set of the transformer.