公开(公告)号：WO1990012792A1

公开(公告)日：1990-11-01

申请号：PCT/US1990002269

申请日：1990-04-25

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  DANHEISER, Rick, L. ,  NOWICK, James, S.

IPC: C07D305/12

CPC classification number: C07D305/14 ,  C07D305/12 ,  C07F7/083

Abstract: beta -lactones are synthesized from a thiol ester and a ketone by a method which efficiently produces beta -lactones in high yields. The method involves combining the thiol ester, ketone, or aldehyde base and organic solvent at subambient temperatures. The thiol ester and ketone form an adduct, which upon warming, spontaneously cyclizes to yield beta -lactone. beta -lactones formed by this method are then decarboxylated, generally by warming in the presence of an adsorbent in an organic solvent, to stereo-specifically form the corresponding alkenes.

Abstract translation: β-内酯由硫羟酸酯和酮通过以高产率有效生产β-内酯的方法合成。 该方法包括在低于环境温度下组合硫羟酸酯，酮或醛基和有机溶剂。 硫醇酯和酮形成加合物，其在加热时自发环化以产生β-内酯。 通过该方法形成的β-内酯通常通过在有机溶剂中的吸附剂存在下升温而脱羧，立体地形成相应的烯烃。

公开(公告)号：WO1990010092A1

公开(公告)日：1990-09-07

申请号：PCT/US1990000957

申请日：1990-02-22

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  SZEKELY, Julian ,  DILAWARI, Amjad, H.

IPC: C23C16/00

CPC classification number: C23C16/45512 ,  C23C16/455 ,  C23C16/45563 ,  C23C16/45568

Abstract: A reactor vessel (50) for growth of high quality thin films, spatially uniform with respect to both thickness and composition. A chamber encloses the substrate (57) on which films are deposited. A porous inlet gas distributor (54) delivers gas toward the substrate. The distance between the porous distributor and the substrate is small compared to a dimension of the wafer and is selected to minimize the temperature of the porous distributor, thus reducing premature thermal degradation of the reactant gases. The distributor can have a varying thickness to impose non-uniform velocity profile. The distributor can be used to condition gas flow in a plasma assisted CVD process. This design eliminates gas recirculation, while maintaining constant temperature profiles. These attributes along with a very small active volume occupied by reactant gases permit very abrupt changes in composition by rapid switching of reactant gases and allow continuous deposition of multi-layer structures.

Abstract translation: 一种用于生长高质量薄膜的反应器容器（50），在厚度和组成方面都是空间均匀的。 腔室包围其上沉积有膜的衬底（57）。 多孔入口气体分配器（54）将气体输送到衬底。 多孔分配器和基底之间的距离与晶片的尺寸相比较小，并且被选择为使多孔分布器的温度最小化，从而减少反应气体的过早的热降解。 分配器可以具有变化的厚度以施加不均匀的速度分布。 分配器可用于调节等离子体辅助CVD工艺中的气体流动。 该设计消除了气体再循环，同时保持恒定温度曲线。 这些属性以及被反应物气体占据的非常小的活性体积允许通过快速切换反应气体并允许多层结构的连续沉积来组合的非常突然的变化。

公开(公告)号：WO1990009881A1

公开(公告)日：1990-09-07

申请号：PCT/US1990001042

申请日：1990-02-26

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  E.I. DUPONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  E.I. DUPONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY ,  GUTOWSKI, Timothy, G. ,  SENTOVICH, Michael, F. ,  OKINE, Richard, K.

IPC: B29C67/14

CPC classification number: B29C70/543 ,  B29C33/0033 ,  B29C51/004 ,  B29C2791/001 ,  B30B15/022

Abstract: A new method of forming composites or laminates (30) into complex shapes has been developed. A process using a die (10) with piercing studs (20) allows control of fibers motion during processing, leading to better composite parts.

Abstract translation: 已经开发了将复合材料或层压材料（30）形成复杂形状的新方法。 使用具有穿孔螺栓（20）的模头（10）的过程允许在加工期间控制纤维运动，从而导致更好的复合部件。

公开(公告)号：WO1990008593A1

公开(公告)日：1990-08-09

申请号：PCT/US1990000483

申请日：1990-01-22

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  KUJI, Toshiro ,  O'HANDLEY, Robert, C. ,  GRANT, Nicholas, J.

IPC: B02C04/02

CPC classification number: H01F1/11 ,  B22F9/008 ,  H01F1/0551 ,  H01F1/0571

Abstract: A magnetic material melt is solidified by cooling the material from two opposing surfaces while deforming the material by applying compressive pressure to the two opposing surfaces. Twin roller quenching (10) is a preferred method of producing the flakes. The flakes exhibit strong texture normal to their surface, that is, there is a high degree of alignment of the magnetically easy axes of the crystals within the polycrystalline flake. The strong crystal orientation appears to result both from directional solidification in a thermal gradient and uniaxial deformation of the solid phase in the twin rollers (12, 14). Magnetization studies on individual flakes show intrinsic coercivities of 14 KOe and a nearly 50 % higher remanance for field normal to the flake surface than in the flake plane. Splat quenching is another suitable technique for carrying out the invention.

公开(公告)号：WO1990008433A1

公开(公告)日：1990-07-26

申请号：PCT/US1990000523

申请日：1990-01-23

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  SWANSON, Eric, A. ,  BONDURANT, Roy, S.

IPC: H04B10/22

CPC classification number: H04B10/118

Abstract: An optical communications and spatial tracking receiver system (55) has an optical package coupled to an acquisition and tracking network (29), the optical package including an optical fiber (22) and acting to receive optical signals (12) and to transfer them into the fiber (22), a focusing element (19) focuses a received light beam (12) at a desired focal point, (13) which includes an active fiber coupler (34), the optical fiber (22) having a terminus (20) approximately near the focal point (13), the active fiber coupler to the disposed to radially translate the optical fiber terminus (20) about the focal point (13), the tracking network (29) including actuation circuitry for assuring that the terminus (20) of the optical fiber (22) be maintained at or very near the focal point (13). A mutation device (34) includes a housing (36) to which is affixed a flexure (50), a fiber (22) extending along the flexure (50) and terminating about one end of the flexure (50).

Abstract translation: 光通信和空间跟踪接收机系统（55）具有耦合到采集和跟踪网络（29）的光学封装，所述光学封装包括光纤（22）并用于接收光信号（12）并将其传送到 光纤（22），聚焦元件（19）将接收到的光束（12）聚焦在包含有源光纤耦合器（34）的期望焦点（13）处，光纤（22）具有一个终端（20 ），所述有源光纤耦合器被设置为围绕所述焦点（13）径向平移所述光纤终端（20），所述跟踪网络（29）包括用于确保所述终端（13）的致动电路 20）保持在聚焦点（13）或非常靠近焦点（13）处。 突变装置（34）包括固定有挠曲件（50）的外壳（36），沿挠曲件（50）延伸并且终止于挠曲件（50）的一端的纤维（22）。

公开(公告)号：WO1990006719A1

公开(公告)日：1990-06-28

申请号：PCT/US1989005619

申请日：1989-12-15

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  EDELL, David, J.

IPC: A61B05/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/14542 ,  A61B5/1473

Abstract: Flexible measurement probes are described for the determination of oxygen partial pressure; temperature and perfusion; and combined measurement of oxygen partial pressure, temperature, and perfusion. The probes are fabricated by patterning a metal coated substrate to form a conductive pattern of ribbon leads (12), insulating the conductive ribbon leads except for contact openings (20), and then attaching sensors to the conductive ribbon leads through noble metal plated open contacts. The plated contacts may be used directly to measure oxygen partial pressure.

公开(公告)号：WO1990006286A1

公开(公告)日：1990-06-14

申请号：PCT/US1989005472

申请日：1989-12-04

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  SADOWAY, Donald, R. ,  ROSE, Robert, M.

IPC: C01G03/02

CPC classification number: H01L39/2464

Abstract: A superconducting oxide is exposed to ozone. In one embodiment, the oxide is cooled to the superconducting state before exposure to ozone. The oxide may also be thermally cycled into and out of the superconducting state before exposure to ozone. The ozone may be in either the liquid or gaseous state and may be mixed with molecular oxygen. After exposure to ozone, the critical, or transition, temperature is elevated in comparison with material not so processed.

Abstract translation: 超导氧化物暴露于臭氧。 在一个实施方案中，氧化物在暴露于臭氧之前被冷却至超导状态。 氧化物也可能在暴露于臭氧之前热循环进入和离开超导状态。 臭氧可以是液态或气态，并且可以与分子氧混合。 在暴露于臭氧之后，与未经处理的材料相比，临界或转变温度升高。

公开(公告)号：WO1990001971A1

公开(公告)日：1990-03-08

申请号：PCT/US1989003563

申请日：1989-08-18

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  KOST, Joseph ,  LANGER, Robert, S.

IPC: A61M37/00

CPC classification number: A61K41/0047 ,  A61K9/0009 ,  A61M35/00 ,  A61M37/00 ,  A61M37/0092

Abstract: A method using ultrasound for enhancing and controlling transbuccal permeation of a molecule, including drugs, antigens, vitamins, inorganic and organic compounds, and various combinations of these substances, through the buccal membranes and into the circulatory system. The frequency and intensity of ultrasonic energy which is applied, and the length of time of exposure are determined according to the location and nature of the buccal membrane and the substance to be infused. Levels of the infused molecules in the blood and urine measured over a period of time are initially used to determine under what conditions optimum transfer occurs. In a variation of the method whereby ultrasound is applied directly to the compound and site where the compound is to be infused through the buccal membranes, the compound can be placed within a delivery device. In one variation, the ultrasound can control release both by direct interaction with the compound and membrane but also with the delivery device. In another variation, the delivery device helps to modulate release and infusion rate. The compound can also be administered in combination with a chemical agent which alters permeability of the buccal membrane, thereby aiding infusion of the compound into the circulatory system.

Abstract translation: 一种使用超声波增强和控制分子（包括药物，抗原，维生素，无机和有机化合物）以及这些物质的各种组合的跨颊渗透通过颊膜进入循环系统的方法。 应用超声能量的频率和强度以及暴露时间长短根据颊膜和待注射物质的位置和性质来确定。 在一段时间内测量的血液和尿液中输注的分子的水平最初用于确定什么条件下最佳转移发生。 在使超声波直接施加到化合物和通过颊膜输注化合物的部位的方法的变型中，化合物可以放置在递送装置内。 在一个变化中，超声波可以通过与化合物和膜的直接相互作用来控制释放，而且还可以通过递送装置控制释放。 在另一个实施例中，递送装置有助于调节释放和输注速率。 化合物还可以与改变颊膜渗透性的化学试剂组合施用，由此帮助化合物输注到循环系统中。

公开(公告)号：WO1989012464A1

公开(公告)日：1989-12-28

申请号：PCT/US1989002575

申请日：1989-06-13

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  EDELMAN, Elazer, R. ,  LANGER, Robert, S. ,  KLAGSBURN, Michael ,  MATHIOWITZ, Edith

IPC: A61K47/00

CPC classification number: A61K9/5036 ,  A61K9/167 ,  A61K38/1825 ,  A61K47/61 ,  Y10S530/813 ,  Y10S530/815 ,  Y10S530/816

Abstract: A system for stabilizing fibroblast-derived growth factors, maintaining their bioactivity over a prolonged period of time and controllably releasing them for use is disclosed. The system uses growth factors bound to biocompatible substrates via heparin or heparin derived compounds to maintain the bioactivity of the growth factors. A growth factor bound to a heparin coated substrate can be used independently as a controlled release device, or can be incorporated into a reservoir or matrix type controlled release device to further enhance the controlled release properties. The stabilized growth factors can be implanted into a patient, thereby providing a means for producing an in vivo controlled release of a growth factor to the patient.

公开(公告)号：WO1989011478A1

公开(公告)日：1989-11-30

申请号：PCT/US1989002292

申请日：1989-05-25

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  SHARPLESS, K., Barry ,  GAO, Yun

IPC: C07D327/10

CPC classification number: C07D203/08 ,  C07C213/02 ,  C07C215/20 ,  C07C227/32 ,  C07C247/12 ,  C07C331/14 ,  C07C2601/14 ,  C07D317/28 ,  C07D327/10 ,  C07D411/14

Abstract: A ruthenium catalyzed method to synthesize cyclic sulfate compounds from the corresponding cyclic sulfites, and the cyclic sulfate reaction products obtained by this method. These cyclic sulfates further react with selected nucleophiles to give various substituted products. The method is an efficient means for the synthesis of chiral building blocks from tartaric acid enantiomers in high yields using an overall two-stage, one-pot reaction procedure. The chiral compounds can be transformed by nucleophilic reactions into chiral building blocks useful for the synthesis of natural biologically active products, such as antibiotics and pheromones.