公开(公告)号：US20060088239A1

公开(公告)日：2006-04-27

申请号：US10526477

申请日：2003-09-04

Applicant: Timo Aalto ,  Markku Kapulainen ,  Mikko Harjanne ,  Markku Rono

Inventor： Timo Aalto ,  Markku Kapulainen ,  Mikko Harjanne ,  Markku Rono

IPC: G02B6/26

CPC classification number: G02F1/2257 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F1/3133 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: A method for controlling an optoelectronic component that includes two waveguides. The refractive index of the first waveguide is changed periodically with a first control signal, the amplitude of which is changed between a first amplitude level and higher second amplitude level. The refractive index of the second waveguide is changed periodically with a second control signal, the amplitude of which is changed between the aforementioned first amplitude level and a lower third amplitude level. When the control signals are on their common first amplitude level, the refractive indices of the waveguides are equal and the phase difference between them is zero. When the first control signal is on the second amplitude level and the second control signal on the third amplitude level, the refractive indices of the waveguides are unequal so that their mutual phase difference has a predetermined target value.

Abstract translation: 一种用于控制包括两个波导的光电子部件的方法。 第一波导的折射率以第一控制信号周期性地改变，第一控制信号的幅度在第一幅度电平和较高的第二幅度电平之间变化。 第二波导的折射率以第二控制信号周期性地改变，第二控制信号的振幅在上述第一幅度电平和较低的第三幅度电平之间变化。 当控制信号处于共同的第一幅度电平时，波导的折射率相等，它们之间的相位差为零。 当第一控制信号处于第二幅度电平并且第三控制信号处于第三幅度电平时，波导的折射率不相等，使得它们的相位差具有预定的目标值。

公开(公告)号：US06933583B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-23

申请号：US10411873

申请日：2003-04-10

Applicant: Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  David V. Forbes ,  David C. Scott ,  Timothy A. Vang ,  Wenshen Wang

Inventor： Elizabeth T. Kunkee ,  David V. Forbes ,  David C. Scott ,  Timothy A. Vang ,  Wenshen Wang

IPC: G02F1/017 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/35

CPC classification number: G02F1/2257 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: A coupled quantum well Mach-Zehnder modulator that employs a push-pull structure to reduce the modulation voltage. The Mach-Zehnder modulator includes a first arm having a first PIN semiconductor device and a second arm having a second PIN semiconductor device. The intrinsic layers of the PIN devices include a coupled quantum well structure to provide an opposite index of refraction change for different DC bias voltages. An RF signal used to modulate the light beam is applied to the two arms in phase and causes the index of refraction in the intrinsic layers of the two PIN devices to change in opposite directions so that a push-pull type drive is achieved without requiring 180° out-of-phase RF drive signal.

Abstract translation: 耦合量子阱马赫 - 曾德调制器采用推挽结构来降低调制电压。 马赫 - 策德尔调制器包括具有第一PIN半导体器件的第一臂和具有第二PIN半导体器件的第二臂。 PIN器件的本征层包括耦合的量子阱结构，以为不同的DC偏置电压提供相反的折射率变化。 用于调制光束的RF信号被同时施加到两个臂上，并且使得两个PIN器件的本征层中的折射率在相反方向上改变，使得实现推挽式驱动而不需要180° °异相RF驱动信号。

公开(公告)号：US06891982B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-10

申请号：US10333546

申请日：2002-05-23

Applicant: Kenji Kawano ,  Toru Nakahira ,  Seiji Uchida ,  Masaya Nanami ,  Yuji Sato

Inventor： Kenji Kawano ,  Toru Nakahira ,  Seiji Uchida ,  Masaya Nanami ,  Yuji Sato

IPC: G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/295 ,  G02F1/355

CPC classification number: G02F1/2255 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  G02F2203/21

Abstract: An optical waveguide for guided an incident light is formed on a substrate having an electro-optic effect. A first buffer layer is formed to cover an upper surface of the substrate. A conductive film is formed above the first buffer layer. A center electrode and a ground electrode are formed for applying a voltage in order to induce an electric field in the optical waveguide. A second buffer layer is formed between the conductive film and at least one of the center electrode and the ground electrode. The conductive film is formed to be present on at least a part below the ground electrode. A light guided through the optical waveguide is modulated by changing a phase by a voltage applied to the optical waveguide. Thereby, a thermal drift can be effectively restricted so that an optical modulation device having excellent electric characteristics can be realized.

Abstract translation: 在具有电光效应的基板上形成用于引导入射光的光波导。 形成第一缓冲层以覆盖基板的上表面。 导电膜形成在第一缓冲层上方。 形成中心电极和接地电极以施加电压以便在光波导中引起电场。 在导电膜和至少一个中心电极和接地电极之间形成第二缓冲层。 导电膜形成为存在于接地电极下方的至少一部分上。 通过光波导引导的光被施加到光波导的电压改变相位来调制。 因此，可以有效地限制热漂移，从而可以实现具有优异电特性的光调制装置。

公开(公告)号：US06741762B2

公开(公告)日：2004-05-25

申请号：US10010401

申请日：2001-12-05

Applicant: Jan Grinberg ,  Min-Cheol Oh ,  Harold R. Fetterman ,  Joseph Michael

Inventor： Jan Grinberg ,  Min-Cheol Oh ,  Harold R. Fetterman ,  Joseph Michael

IPC: G02F1035

CPC classification number: G02F1/065 ,  G02F1/0123 ,  G02F1/2255 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: An electro-optical modulator and a method for biasing a Mach-Zehnder modulator. The inventive modulator includes a layer of material at least partially transparent to electromagnetic energy. A first conductive layer is disposed on a first surface of the layer of at least partially transparent material. A second conductive layer is disposed on a second surface of the layer of at least partially transparent material. A layer of insulating material is disposed on the second conductive layer and a third conductive layer is disposed on the layer of insulating material. In the illustrative application, the modulator is a Mach-Zehnder modulator. A biasing potential is applied to the second conductive layer of the modulator and a modulating voltage is applied across the first and the third conductive layers.

Abstract translation: 一种电光调制器和用于偏置马赫 - 曾德调制器的方法。 本发明的调制器包括对电磁能至少部分透明的材料层。 第一导电层设置在至少部分透明材料层的第一表面上。 第二导电层设置在至少部分透明材料层的第二表面上。 绝缘材料层设置在第二导电层上，第三导电层设置在绝缘材料层上。 在说明性应用中，调制器是马赫 - 曾德尔调制器。 偏置电位被施加到调制器的第二导电层，并且跨越第一和第三导电层施加调制电压。

公开(公告)号：US20040085612A1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-06

申请号：US10283947

申请日：2002-10-30

Inventor： Peter M. Livingston ,  Steven R. Holm ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee

IPC: G02F001/01

CPC classification number: B82Y20/00 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G02F1/01708 ,  G02F1/2257 ,  G02F2001/01791 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  H01L29/127

Abstract: A quantum-confined Stark effect quantum-dot optical modulator includes an interferometer having a beam splitter, first and second parallel optical branches fed by the beam splitter and a beam combiner fed by the first and second parallel optical branches and a laser for feeding a laser beam to the beam splitter. First and second optical phase shifters are provided in respective ones of the first and second parallel optical branches. Each optical phase shifter includes an intrinsic semiconductor crystalline planar layer and p-type and n-type planar semiconductor layers on opposite faces of the intrinsic semiconductor crystalline planar layer, the intrinsic layer lying in a plane parallel to a direction of propagation of the laser beam in the respective optical branch. The intrinsic layer has plural layers of planar arrays of quantum dots therein. A reverse bias D.C. voltage source is connected across the p-type and n-type layers.

Abstract translation: 量子限制的斯塔克效应量子点光调制器包括具有分束器的干涉仪，由分束器馈送的第一和第二平行光学分支和由第一和第二平行光学分支馈送的光束组合器和用于馈送激光器的激光器 光束分束器。 第一和第二光学移相器设置在第一和第二平行光学分支中的相应的一个中。 每个光学移相器包括本征半导体晶体平面层和本征半导体晶体平面层的相对面上的p型和n型平面半导体层，本征层位于与激光束的传播方向平行的平面中 在相应的光学分支中。 本征层具有多层量子点平面阵列。 反向偏压直流电压源跨越p型和n型层连接。

公开(公告)号：US20040028417A1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-12

申请号：US10205643

申请日：2002-07-25

Inventor： Rene?apos;-Jean Essiambre ,  Peter J. Winzer

IPC: H01S003/10

CPC classification number: H04B10/505 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  H04B10/5051 ,  H04B10/508

Abstract: Optical chirped return-to-zero (CRZ) data signals are generated without the need for a separate phase modulator, by using a dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator for RZ pulse carving that is driven with two typically sinusoidal signals of either unequal amplitude or unequal relative phase, i.e. of non-vanishing phase difference.

Abstract translation: 通过使用用于RZ脉冲雕刻的双驱动马赫 - 曾德调制器来驱动具有不等幅度的两个典型的正弦信号，而不需要单独的相位调制器来产生光啁啾回归（CRZ）数据信号 相对相位不相等，即非消失相位差。

公开(公告)号：US20030228081A1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-11

申请号：US10427982

申请日：2003-05-02

Inventor： Robert F. Tavlykaev ,  Ganesh K. Gopalakrishnan ,  Scott T. Taylor

IPC: G02F001/035

CPC classification number: G02F1/0316 ,  G02F1/0356 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  G02F2201/127

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical modulator including an optical waveguide, and at least one CPW-to-CPS transition. The CPW segments include a hot electrode; and a ground plane disposed on each side of the hot electrode, and they share a ground plane. The CPS segment extends along an interaction length of the modulator. In one embodiment, two driving signals are applied so that the modulator operates as a dual-drive modulator. In another embodiment, a domain-inverted region is formed in a substrate of the dual-drive modulator to overlap with one arm of the optical waveguide (MZI) and invert a sign of a phase shift induced in that arm. Finally, a fixed chirp can be introduced into the dual-drive modulator by asymmetrically positioning the interferometer arms into gaps of the CPW segments with respect to the hot electrode, and by employing unequal width gaps in the CPW segments.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种包括光波导的光调制器和至少一个CPW至CPS转换。 CPW段包括热电极; 以及设置在热电极的每一侧上的接地平面，并且它们共享接地平面。 CPS段沿着调制器的相互作用长度延伸。 在一个实施例中，施加两个驱动信号，使得调制器作为双驱动调制器工作。 在另一个实施例中，在双驱动调制器的衬底中形成域反向区域，以与光波导（MZI）的一个臂重叠，并且反转在该臂中引起的相移的符号。 最后，通过将干涉仪臂相对于热电极不对称地定位到CPW段的间隙中，并且通过在CPW段中采用不相等的宽度间隙，可以将固定的啁啾引入双驱动调制器。

公开(公告)号：US06647158B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-11

申请号：US09952377

申请日：2001-09-13

Applicant: Gary E. Betts ,  Joseph P. Donnelly ,  Patrick J. Taylor

Inventor： Gary E. Betts ,  Joseph P. Donnelly ,  Patrick J. Taylor

IPC: G02F1035

CPC classification number: G02F1/2257 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: An electro-optic push-pull modulator requiring reduced high switching voltages through combinations of device structure and operation, causing linear and quadratic electro-optic effects to add. Such combinations of device structure and operation include combinations of crystal axis orientation, waveguide structure, electrode structure, electric field biasing, operating wavelengths, and optical polarizations. By inducing linear and quadratic electro-optic effects to add, significant refractive index changes can be realized with lower switching voltages, V&pgr;. Furthermore, significant reduction in switching voltage for push-pull modulators can also be realized through combinations of device structure and operation effectively inducing solely the quadratic electro-optic effect.

公开(公告)号：US20030133647A1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-17

申请号：US10356778

申请日：2003-02-03

Inventor： Shlomo Ruschin ,  Arkady Kaplan

IPC: G02F001/07 ,  G02F001/03 ,  G02B006/42 ,  G02B006/26

CPC classification number: G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  G02F2203/06

Abstract: Electro-optical method and device for modulation of light are presented providing a substantially balanced voltage-phase response of the device in two orthogonal polarization directions substantially irrespective of applied voltages. The device comprises a crystal material of a predetermined orientation of the plane of propagation of light therethrough, formed with at least one waveguide channel directed in a predetermined direction, and at least two electrodes accommodated at opposite sides of the waveguide channel. The substantially balanced voltage-phase response is achieved by shifting the electrodes relative to the axis of the waveguide channel a predetermined distance in a certain direction. The device may be designed so as to operate as a phase modulator or an amplitude modulator.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于调制光的电光学方法和装置，其基本上与施加的电压无关地在两个正交偏振方向上提供基本平衡的电压相位响应。 该装置包括由至少一个沿预定方向引导的至少一个波导通道形成的光的传播平面的预定取向的晶体材料，以及容纳在波导通道相对侧的至少两个电极。 基本上平衡的电压相位响应通过相对于波导通道的轴在一定方向上移动预定距离来实现。 该装置可以被设计成作为相位调制器或幅度调制器工作。

公开(公告)号：US20020131710A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-19

申请号：US09810135

申请日：2001-03-16

Inventor： Christopher Richard Doerr

IPC: G02B006/26

CPC classification number: G02F1/3136 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: A thermo-optic interferometer switch is arranged to operate in a Push-pull mode by placing approximately a quarter-wavelength effective path-length difference (90 degree bias) between the arms of an interferometer switch in the zero-drive state, and then driving one arm to activate the switch to one state (e.g., the bar state), and driving the other arm to go to the other state (e.g. the cross state).

Abstract translation: 热像干涉仪开关被布置成以推挽模式操作，通过在零驱动状态下在干涉仪开关的臂之间放置大约四分之一波长的有效路径长度差（90度偏差），然后驱动 一个臂将开关激活到一个状态（例如，杆状态），并驱动另一个臂进入另一个状态（例如交叉状态）。