Abstract:
A chip-scale, reusable sensor can detect aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), rapidly in water without sample preparation. The device is capable of real-time, continuous monitoring for BTEX solutes, which diffuse into a film, such as a polymer, on the sensors surface. In operation, BTEX analytes concentrate in the film, causing an increase in refractive index, which modulates evanescent coupling into the chips integrated photodetector array. Integration of the photodetector array simplifies system instrumentation and permits incorporation of an on-chip photocurrent reference region in the immediate vicinity of the sensing region, reducing drift due to temperature fluctuations. In some examples, the chip responds linearly for BTEX concentrations between 1 ppm and 30 ppm, with a limit of detection of 359 ppb, 249 ppb, and 103 ppb for benzene, toluene, and xylene in water, respectively.
Abstract:
Arrays of integrated analytical devices and their methods for production are provided. The arrays are useful in the analysis of highly multiplexed optical reactions in large numbers at high densities, including biochemical reactions, such as nucleic acid sequencing reactions. The devices allow the highly sensitive discrimination of optical signals using features such as spectra, amplitude, and time resolution, or combinations thereof. The devices include an integrated diffractive beam shaping element that provides for the spatial separation of light emitted from the optical reactions.
Abstract:
Arrays of integrated analytical devices and their methods for production are provided. The arrays are useful in the analysis of highly multiplexed optical reactions in large numbers at high densities, including biochemical reactions, such as nucleic acid sequencing reactions. The devices allow the highly sensitive discrimination of optical signals using features such as spectra, amplitude, and time resolution, or combinations thereof. The devices include an integrated diffractive beam shaping element that provides for the spatial separation of light emitted from the optical reactions.
Abstract:
Arrays of integrated analytical devices and their methods for production are provided. The arrays are useful in the analysis of highly multiplexed optical reactions in large numbers at high densities, including biochemical reactions, such as nucleic acid sequencing reactions. The integrated devices allow the highly sensitive discrimination of optical signals using features such as spectra, amplitude, and time resolution, or combinations thereof. The arrays and methods of the invention make use of silicon chip fabrication and manufacturing techniques developed for the electronics industry and highly suited for miniaturization and high throughput.
Abstract:
A micro-optical element includes a resonator substrate, at least one microresonator includes a rotationally symmetrical body mounted on the resonator substrate, and a light-reflecting element including a ring-shaped mirror that surrounds the rotationally symmetrical body.
Abstract:
A micro-optical element includes a resonator substrate, at least one microresonator includes a rotationally symmetrical body mounted on the resonator substrate, and a light-reflecting element including a ring-shaped mirror that surrounds the rotationally symmetrical body.
Abstract:
Devices, systems, and methods for enhancing Raman spectroscopy and hyper-Raman are disclosed. A molecular analysis device for performing Raman spectroscopy comprises a substrate and a laser source disposed on the substrate. The laser source may be configured for emanating a laser radiation, which may irradiate an analyte disposed on a Raman enhancement structure. The Raman enhancement structure may be disposed in a waveguide. The molecular analysis device also includes a wavelength demultiplexer and radiation sensors disposed on the substrate and configured for receiving a Raman scattered radiation, which may be generated by the irradiation of the analyte and Raman enhancement structure.
Abstract:
A micro-spectroscopic measuring device having a structure in which a spectroscopic element made of an array of photonic crystals with defects, flow paths for introducing a sample, and light detecting elements with sensitivity to a band from near infrared to infrared are stacked.
Abstract:
In a method of determining the refractive index of a gaseous, liquid or solid sample, preferably a gaseous or liquid sample, there is used a waveguide resonator (1) which includes an open waveguide (4) and a closed waveguide (5) located adjacent the open waveguide. The sample is brought to the vicinity of the closed waveguide (5) so as to influence the proximal surroundings of the waveguide and therewith its effective refractive index. Light derived from a light source (9) is coupled to one end of the open waveguide (4) and transmitted light is measured at the other end of the open waveguide to establish the influence of the sample on the resonance wavelength and therewith determine the refractive index of the sample or a sample-related refractive index difference. A device for carrying out the method includes a waveguide resonator having a sample contact area (12) adjacent the closed waveguide (5) of the waveguide resonator.
Abstract:
An apparatus useful in immunoassay of a fluid, light is directed to an optical sensor wherein the light is transmitted to a replaceable optical device that is responsive to index of refraction in a sensing region thereof that is exposed to the fluid. One portion of the light is transmitted via a compensation path that includes the sensing region to a first detector. Another portion of the light is transmitted via a sensing path that includes the sensing region to another detector. In one embodiment a ratioing device receives an output from each detector and provides a signal responsive to the ratio of the outputs. The replaceable optical device typically comprises a pair of channel waveguides in directional coupling arrangement, or a pair of channel waveguides in an interferometer arrangement, or a ridge waveguide having a curved or serpentine path configured so that nonspecific sensing effects are compensated.