公开(公告)号：US20230086246A1

公开(公告)日：2023-03-23

申请号：US17885037

申请日：2022-08-10

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Emil P. Kartalov ,  Aditya Rajagopal ,  Axel Scherer

IPC: C12Q1/6825 ,  G16B25/00 ,  G16B5/00 ,  C12Q1/6851 ,  G16B25/20 ,  G16B40/10 ,  C12Q1/68 ,  G01N21/64

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits for the multiplexed detection of a plurality of analytes in a sample. In some examples, this disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits wherein multiple analytes may be detected in a single sample volume by acquiring a cumulative measurement or measurements of at least one quantifiable component of a signal. In some cases, additional components of a signal, or additional signals (or components thereof) are also quantified. Each signal or component of a signal may be used to construct a coding scheme which can then be used to determine the presence or absence of any analyte.

公开(公告)号：US11442002B2

公开(公告)日：2022-09-13

申请号：US16901352

申请日：2020-06-15

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Axel Scherer ,  Amirhossein Nateghi ,  Taeyoon Jeon ,  Frank T. Hartley

IPC: G01N21/03 ,  G01N1/42 ,  G01N1/44 ,  G01N21/17 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/3577

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed toward optical elements, such as sample cuvettes, lenses, prisms, and the like, whose transmissivity is increased by the addition of a geometric anti-reflection layer disposed on at least one surface of the optical element, where the geometric anti-reflection layer includes a plurality of geometric features that collectively reduce the reflectivity of the interface between the surface and another medium. As a result, more of an optical signal incident on the surface passes through the interface. In some embodiments, every surface through which an optical signal passes includes a geometric anti-reflection layer. Due to the increased transmissivity of the optical element, in some embodiments, the use of low-cost, high-refractive-index materials, such as conventional silicon, is enabled.

公开(公告)号：US11160476B2

公开(公告)日：2021-11-02

申请号：US16437890

申请日：2019-06-11

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  THE TRUSTEES OF DARTMOUTH COLLEGE

Inventor： Axel Scherer ,  Meisam Honarvar Nazari ,  Muhammad Mujeeb-U-Rahman ,  Mehmet Sencan ,  Arti Gaur

IPC: A61B5/1473 ,  A61B5/07 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  A61M5/172 ,  A61B17/34 ,  A61B5/1486 ,  A61B5/145 ,  A61M5/142 ,  A61B5/00

Abstract: A fully integrated small size implantable sensing device is described, which can include a sensor and an electronic circuit to interface with the sensor and communicate with an external device. Various fabrication methods for the sensing device are described, including provision of wells, created using same fabrication technology as the electronic circuit, to contain electrodes of the sensor and corresponding functionalization chemicals. Such implantable sensing device can be used for a variety of electrochemical measuring applications within a living body as well as actuation by injecting a current into the living body.

公开(公告)号：US11109784B2

公开(公告)日：2021-09-07

申请号：US16191357

申请日：2018-11-14

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Dvin Adalian ,  Samson Chen ,  Muhammad M. Jilani ,  Axel Scherer ,  Xiomara Linnette Madero ,  Richard Smith

IPC: A61B5/1486 ,  A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/1473

Abstract: Measurement of target analytes is carried out with an enzyme-based sensor. The enzyme hydrogel is protected by a porous layer of a metallic material. The size of the pores is small enough to prevent degradation of the enzyme layer caused by the immune system of an organism, but large enough to allow transfer of molecules that participate in the electrochemical reaction allowing the enzyme to detect the target analytes.

公开(公告)号：US20210012860A1

公开(公告)日：2021-01-14

申请号：US16937464

申请日：2020-07-23

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Emil P. Kartalov ,  Aditya Rajagopal ,  Axel Scherer

IPC: G16B25/00 ,  G16B5/00 ,  C12Q1/6851 ,  G16B25/20 ,  G16B40/10 ,  C12Q1/68 ,  G01N21/64 ,  C12Q1/6825

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits for the multiplexed detection of a plurality of analytes in a sample. In some examples, this disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits wherein multiple analytes may be detected in a single sample volume by acquiring a cumulative measurement or measurements of at least one quantifiable component of a signal. In some cases, additional components of a signal, or additional signals (or components thereof) are also quantified. Each signal or component of a signal may be used to construct a coding scheme which can then be used to determine the presence or absence of any analyte.

公开(公告)号：US10597737B2

公开(公告)日：2020-03-24

申请号：US16109288

申请日：2018-08-22

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Aditya Rajagopal ,  Mark D. Goldberg ,  Erika F. Garcia ,  Xiomara L. Madero ,  Thomas A. Tombrello ,  Axel Scherer

IPC: C12P19/34 ,  C12Q1/70 ,  C12Q1/68 ,  C12Q1/6851

Abstract: Methods and kits for detecting a genetic variation in a polynucleotide analyte in a sample. A fluorophore is attached to a first primer, a quencher is attached to a second primer, and the first primer and the second primer are specific for the polynucleotide analyte. At least one of the primers is configured to hybridize to a region of the polynucleotide analyte encoding the genetic variation. The primers are configured to amplify the polynucleotide analyte having the genetic variation and a corresponding polynucleotide analyte lacking the generic variation. There is a detectable difference between a change in signal generated by the fluorophore and quencher when using the first and second primers to amplify the polynucleotide analyte with the genetic variation, and a change in signal generated by the fluorophore and quencher when using the first and second primers to amplify the corresponding polynucleotide analyte lacking the genetic variation.

公开(公告)号：US10481157B2

公开(公告)日：2019-11-19

申请号：US16206294

申请日：2018-11-30

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Axel Scherer ,  Samuel Njoroge ,  Jingqing Huang

IPC: G01N33/543 ,  G01N33/566 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  G01N21/41 ,  G01N33/552 ,  A61B5/1491

Abstract: An implantable diagnostic device in accordance with the present disclosure provides various benefits such as a compact size thereby allowing implanting of the device inside animate objects; low cost due to incorporation of inexpensive detection circuitry and the use of conventional IC fabrication techniques; re-usability by heating thereby allowing multiple diagnostic tests to be performed without discarding the device; and a configuration that allows performing of simultaneous and/or sequential diagnostic tests for detecting one or more similar or dissimilar target molecules concurrently or at different times.

公开(公告)号：US09993185B2

公开(公告)日：2018-06-12

申请号：US14621265

申请日：2015-02-12

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Sameer Walavalkar ,  Chieh-feng Chang ,  Axel Scherer

IPC: G01N21/65 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  A61B5/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  A61B5/1473 ,  A61B5/07 ,  B82Y30/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/1459 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/076 ,  A61B5/14735 ,  A61B5/6848 ,  A61B5/686 ,  A61B2562/0285 ,  A61B2562/066 ,  A61B2562/12 ,  A61B2562/223 ,  B01J2219/00509 ,  B01J2219/0052 ,  B01J2219/00531 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  G01N21/658

Abstract: Methods and systems for nanopillar sensors are described. Nanopillars can be defined on a substrate, and metal deposited on the nanopillars. A thermal treatment can reflow the metal on the nanopillars forming metallic bulbs on the top end of the nanopillars. These structures can have enhanced optical detection when functionalized with biological agents, or can detect gases, particles and liquids through interaction with the metal layer on the nanopillars.

公开(公告)号：US20180155819A1

公开(公告)日：2018-06-07

申请号：US15829594

申请日：2017-12-01

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Axel Scherer ,  Peter A. Petillo

IPC: C23C14/14 ,  C23C16/455 ,  C23F1/00 ,  C23C16/06 ,  C23C14/34

CPC classification number: C23C14/14 ,  C23C14/165 ,  C23C14/34 ,  C23C14/5873 ,  C23C16/06 ,  C23C16/45525 ,  C23C28/023 ,  C23C28/42 ,  C23F1/00 ,  G03F7/0002

Abstract: A multilayer structure can selectively bind certain molecules, due to reentrant spaces having an appropriate size. The multilayers can be fabricated by alternating layers of two different materials having different etching rate. The layers of the material having a higher etching rate form reentrant spaces which can protect molecules from further chemical interactions.

公开(公告)号：US09966443B2

公开(公告)日：2018-05-08

申请号：US14720473

申请日：2015-05-22

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  SANOFI

Inventor： Aditya Rajagopal ,  Chieh-feng Chang ,  Oliver Plettenburg ,  Stefan Petry ,  Axel Scherer ,  Charles L. Tschirhart

IPC: H01L29/00 ,  H01L29/41 ,  H01L29/73 ,  H01L29/78 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  H01L29/732 ,  H01L29/06 ,  G01N27/414 ,  H01L29/45 ,  H01L29/49 ,  H01L29/735

CPC classification number: H01L29/413 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  G01N27/4145 ,  G01N27/4146 ,  H01L29/0676 ,  H01L29/45 ,  H01L29/49 ,  H01L29/73 ,  H01L29/732 ,  H01L29/735 ,  H01L29/78

Abstract: Systems and methods for molecular sensing are described. Molecular sensors are described which are based on field-effect or bipolar junction transistors. These transistors have a nanopillar with a functionalized layer contacted to either the base or the gate electrode. The functional layer can bind molecules, which causes an electrical signal in the sensor.