Abstract:
A high electrical power current limiter comprising a high temperature superconducting sacrificial fuse in series with superconductive or normalconductive equipment to be protected, wherein the high temperature superconducting fuse has a critical current density being lower than a fault current.
Abstract:
Method of preparing zeolite single crystals with straight mesopores by applying a synthesis gel with zeolite precursor composition within the pore system and on the surface of a particulate matrix material template of carbon comprising the steps of: providing a templating material with a diameter of 2 to 50 nanometers and a length-to-diameter aspect ratio of at least 5, applying the zeolite precursor to the surface of the templating material using sequential impregnation, subjecting the precursor composition to crystallising conditions, and isolating porous single zeolite crystals with straight mesopores by removing the matrix template material.
Abstract:
Process and reactor for the preparation of ammonia at elevated pressure and temperature in an ammonia reactor, wherein a process stream of ammonia synthesis gas is successively passed through at least three catalyst beds with intermediate cooling of partially reacted synthesis gas leaving the catalyst beds by heat exchange in heat exchangers arranged between each catalyst bed. The process stream is obtained by combining prior to introduction into a first catalyst bed, a first feed stream of synthesis gas having been preheated through indirect heat exchange during the intermediate cooling of the partially converted synthesis gas and a second feed stream of synthesis gas for adjustment of temperature of the process stream. The first feed stream is passed successively through the interbed heat exchangers for cooling the partially converted synthesis gas and space velocity of the synthesis gas is adjusted to be substantially in the same range in all catalyst beds.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the production of synthesis gas by means of particularly a series arrangement of heat exchange reforming and autothermal reforming stages, in which the heat required for the reforming reactions in the heat exchange reforming stage is provided by hot effluent synthesis gas from the autothermal reforming stage. More particularly, the invention relates to optimisation of the operation and control of an arrangement of heat exchange reforming and autothermal reforming stages and introduction of an additional waste heat boiler.
Abstract:
The invention pertains to a catalyzed particulate filter provided in its entire dispersion side and within its partition walls with a first catalyst being active in selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides, and in its entire permeate side with a second catalyst combination with a catalyst being active in oxidation of ammonia mixed with a catalyst being active in oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons and a method for its preparation. The mean particle size of the first catalyst is smaller than the mean pore diameter of the longitudinal porous walls, and the mean particle size of the second catalyst combination is larger than the mean pore diameter of the longitudinal walls. In the example, the first catalyst is a silica aluminum phosphate SAPO-34 promoted with 2% copper and the second catalyst is a mixture of platinum and palladium (molar ratio 3:1) supported on alumina particles and beta zeolite powder with 1.0% copper.
Abstract:
Improved design of a catalytic reactor for the production of methanol at equilibrium conditions whereby methanol as it is formed is separated from the gaseous phase into the liquid phase within the reactor, without reducing the catalytic activity of the methanol catalysts This is achieved by adjusting the boiling point of a liquid cooling agent being in indirect contact with the catalyst particles and by providing a specific ratio of catalyst bed volume to cooling surface area. Thereby, condensation of methanol as it is formed in the gaseous phase takes place at the cooling surface arranged evenly distributed within the reactor and within a very limited region of the catalyst bed.
Abstract:
A process for the catalytic removal of hydrogen cyanide, formic acid and formic acid derivatives from synthesis gas comprising these compounds, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the process comprising contacting the synthesis gas with a catalyst comprising one or more metals selected from the group consisting of silver, gold, copper, palladium, platinum and their mixtures and supported on a carrier comprising at least one of the oxides of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, titanium, zirconium, aluminium, zinc, chromium and molybdenum.