Abstract:
An electrocoagulation reactor (ECR) apparatus and methods of using the ECR apparatus in the treatment of a fluid stream. The ECR apparatus includes a noncorrosive cylindrical cell housing a plurality of horizontally stacked electrode plates. The electrode plates are held in a pair of grooved, crescent shaped non-conductive inserts. The ECR apparatus further includes two end flanges each having integral flow diverters to facilitate a continuous single serpentine flow of the fluid in the cell. The ECR apparatus further includes a single flow inlet and single flow outlet.
Abstract:
A water treatment system (1) includes a deionization unit (10) and an ion-selective removing unit (20). The deionization unit (10) includes a pair of opposing electrodes that is charged to have polarities opposite to each other, a flow passageway positioned between the electrodes and enabling passage of water containing ions, and an ion-exchange membrane that is disposed on the flow passageway side of each of the electrodes, and performs a deionization process of deionizing the water containing the ions by allowing the ions to be adsorbed onto the electrodes and a regeneration process of eliminating the ions from the electrodes. The ion-selective removing unit (20) is disposed on the downstream side or upstream side of the deionization unit (10) to separate and remove divalent or more ions from the water containing the ions because the ratio of removing the divalent or more ions that are the scale component among the ions is relatively higher than the ratio of removing monovalent ions from the water containing the ions. The water treatment system (1) can increase the ratio of removing scale component ions.
Abstract:
A system (12) for liberating hydrogen from a base solution, comprising: a first electrolytic cell (14); the first electrolytic cell (14) having an inlet (58) for receiving the base solution; the first electrolytic cell (14) configured to create an electrolytic conversion to generate a modified solution by liberating hydrogen from the base solution; the first electrolytic cell (14) having an outlet (60) in communication with a first junction (30) forming a first bifurcated line and a second bifurcated line (18); wherein the first bifurcated line directs flow into a return line (32) coupled to the inlet (58); wherein the first junction (30) is configured such that the modified solution is passively directed out the first bifurcated line while the liberated hydrogen is passively directed out the second bifurcated line (18) to remove liberated hydrogen from the modified solution.
Abstract:
A treatment delivery system for treatment of a body of water held in a reservoir, the treatment delivery system comprising: a chemical dosing assembly submersible within the body of water comprising a frame adapted to rest at the bottom of the reservoir, a water motive tube secured to the frame, and a first chemical treatment flow tube secured to the frame; wherein each of the water motive tube and the first chemical treatment tube independently comprises a first end having an inlet and a second end having an outlet; wherein the outlet of the water motive tube is oriented to expel a jet of water generally upward into the body of water held in the reservoir, and the outlet of the first chemical treatment flow tube is oriented to inject treatment solution into the jet of water expelled by the outlet of the water motive tube.
Abstract:
A water treatment system is disclosed having an electrolytic cell for liberating hydrogen from a base solution. The cell has first and second opposing electrode endplates held apart by a pair of supports, such that the supports enclose opposing sides of the endplates forming a cell chamber. One or more inner electrode plates are spaced apart from each other in the cell chamber between the first and second electrode plates. The supports are configured to electrically isolate the first and second electrode plates and the inner electrode plates from each other. The first and second electrode plates are configured to receive opposite polarity charges that passively charge the inner plates, forming a chemical reaction in the base solution as the base solution passes through the cell chamber.
Abstract:
A water treatment system is disclosed having an electrolytic cell for liberating hydrogen from a base solution. The base solution may be a solution of brine for generating sodium hypochlorite or potable water to be oxidized. The cell has first and second opposing electrode end plates held apart from each other by a pair of supports such that the supports enclose opposing sides of the end plates to form a cell chamber. One or more inner electrode plates are spaced apart from each other in the cell chamber in between the first and second electrode plates. The supports are configured to electrically isolate the first and second electrode plates and the inner electrode plates from each other. The first and second electrode plates are configured to receive opposite polarity charges that passively charge the inner electrode plates via conduction from the base solution to form a chemical reaction in the base solution as the base solution passes through the cell chamber.
Abstract:
A mobile treatment system is provided for treating contaminates in water, particularly during emergency situations such as natural disasters and planned attacks. The mobile treatment system includes a mobile framework; one or more treatment modules mounted on the mobile framework; a piping system in fluid communication with the one or more treatment modules, said piping system comprising one or more pumps configured to convey water to and from the one or more treatment modules; and at least one power source to provide power to the one or more pumps and one or more treatment modules. The treatment modules may include pre-filtration, chlorination treatment that generates chlorine by electrolysis, activated carbon treatment, and treatment using a disinfecting, silver coated composite material.
Abstract:
A metal ion generator for fluids includes a pipe having an insertion aperture positioned between the fluid inlet and fluid exit, and a conductive member configured to be removably secured in the insertion aperture. The conductive member includes a rigid non-conductive extension and a metal bar. When secured in the insertion aperture, the rigid non-conductive extension positions the metal bar into the direct flow of fluid between the fluid inlet and the fluid exit. A power source applies a voltage to the conductive member causing the metal bar to function as an anode and generate metal ions that are transferred into the fluid. The power supply also connects to a cathode such as the pipe or a second conductive member secured in the insertion aperture.
Abstract:
An electrolytic water softener which comprises a container, at least one cathode and at least one anode extending into the container, a power supply operatively connected to the cathode and anode, a vibrating device to vibrate the cathode, and a system for collecting material released from the cathode after operation of the vibration device.