Abstract:
A method and apparatus for microwave sterilizing, disinfecting or otherwise heating materials, objects, liquids and the like under pressure is disclosed. The invention utilizes the generation and transmission of single-mode, noninterfering coaxial microwaves from multiple sources (30) into the material to be treated placed inside a container (26) which is within a treatment chamber (20) of a microwave pressure vessel (12). As a result, a more efficient transfer of microwave energy into the material to be treated is obtained.
Abstract:
A pressure vessel made of a composite material according to the present invention is constituted of an inner tube (2) formed of a fiber-reinforced resin material, a rigid attaching member (10 or 30) which is fit into at least one of the two axial ends (4 and 5) of the inner tube (2) and is provided with at least one protrusion (20 or 42) made of a fibrous material, and an outer tube (3) formed by winding a resin-impregnated fibrous material (50) around the peripheries of both the inner tube and the attaching member while reversing the direction of winding of the fibrous material by hooking it on said protrusion. Each of the sections where the attaching member (10 or 30) is fit into the axial end (4 or 5) of the inner tube (2) is designed to involve at least one pair of mutually abutting faces (7 and 22; 8 and 23; or 9 and 36), and the diameter of the periphery of an area ranging from the abutting face (23 or 36) of the attaching member (10 or 30) to at least a section provided with the protrusion (20 or 42) is adjusted to be nearly equal to the outer diameter of the inner tube (2).
Abstract:
The affected technical field is that of pressure vessels, and the invention relates to a method of making a pressure vessel with an anti-corrosion coating, and a vessel obtained thereby, which are made such as to avoid the danger of disbonding. The solution consists of a method comprising a first step of deposition by welding on the layer of base material of the shroud (1) a layer (2) of low carbon steel, and a second step of deposition by welding on the low carbon steel layer, a layer (3) of anti-corrosion material.
Abstract:
Bei einem Hochdruckautoklav (1) mit einem von einem Dekkel abschließbaren Druckgefäß (3), wobei wenigstens die Außenwand des Druckgefäßes von einem Wärmeübertra gungsmedium bereichsweise beaufschlagbar ist, soll eine Lösung geschaffen werden, mit der Hochdruckautoklaven den unterschiedlichen physikalischen und chemischen Be triebsparametern besser anpaßbar, insbesondere wirtschaft licher in der Herstellung sind, ohne die Vorteile der bekann ten Hochdruckautoklaven aufgeben zu müssen. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß das Druckgefäß (3) auf seiner lnnensei te mit einem zu seiner lnnenwand (7) einen Abstand aufweisenden Hemd (6) ausgerüstet ist, wobei zwischen der Außenwand (8) des Hemdes (6) und der lnnenwand (7) des Druckgefäßes (3) Abstandhalterelemente (10) vorgesehen sind.
Abstract:
A high pressure apparatus including a container internally provided with a cylindrical space capable of being closed, which container is constituted by a unitary member or an integral assembly of plural members joined throughout its full axial length; a cotter or a pin inserted radially in the container at one or both axial end portions of said container, which cotter or pin serves as a structure for bearing an axial force induced by a high presure load; and a plurality of flexible members wound round the outer periphery of the container axially of the latter to thereby exert a precompression on the entirety of the container.
Abstract:
A reactor comprising a thermal barrier surrounding a combustion zone. The reactor further comprises a cooling jacket inner wall and a binder disposed between the cooling jacket inner wall and the thermal barrier, and a cooling jacket outer wall, wherein the cooling jacket inner wall and the cooling jacket outer wall define a cooling channel. The reactor further comprises an outer reactor wall disposed over the cooling jacket outer wall, wherein the outer reactor wall is impermeable and is configured to contain high pressure gas within the reactor.
Abstract:
The vessel (1) comprises a side wall (2) and an end wall (3), and is characterized in that: a) said end wall (3) is a domed end wall (3'); b) said domed end wall (3') of thickness EI comprises: b1) a layer (4) called the inner layer C1 providing corrosion resistance and b2) a layer (5) called the outer layer CE of thickness EE at least equal to the thickness EI of said inner layer CI (4); c) said inner CI (4) and outer CE (5) layers are rigidly joined by a so-called first assembly means (30); and d) said inner layer CI (4) is formed from a multilayer material comprising an internal layer CIC (40) for providing corrosion resistance and what is called an external layer CIS (41), said internal CIC (40) and external CIS (41) layers being rigidly joined by a so-called second assembly means (42). Advantages: possibility of manufacturing large vessels inexpensively.
Abstract:
Microwave heating apparatus (1) for chemical-physical processes comprising a microwave source (4), for example a magnetron or a klystron or a solid state oscillator (FET transistor), operatively connected to an end of an antenna (10) at a connector (12) . The antenna (10) is put in a reaction container (3) where it irradiates with microwaves a reacting material (25) . In particular, the antenna (10) can be coated with a sheath (15) that avoids a direct contact with the reacting material (25), or alternatively, can be put into in a housing (7) executed in the container (3). The housing (7), made of a material transparent to microwaves, can cross the reaction container (3) for a part thereof, or for all its width. The arrangement of the antenna (10) in the reacting material (25) provides a quick and effective heating. Furthermore, it is possible to increase considerably the selectivity, the control and the efficiency of a chemical-physical processes to which the heating technique above described is applied. This allows also to provide a considerable energy saving with respect to apparatus of prior art.