Abstract:
A device and process are disclosed for the separate removal of oppositely charged ions from electrolyte solutions and recombining them to form new chemical compositions. The invention provides the ability to create multiple ion flow channels and then form new chemical compositions therefrom. The process is accomplished by selectively combining oppositely charged ions of choice from different electrolyte solutions via the capacitive behavior of high electrical capacity electrodes confined in insulated containers.
Abstract:
A fluid treatment apparatus comprises an electrochemical cell having fluid orifices to receive input fluid and release output fluid, the input fluid having a first level of a microorganism. First and second electrodes are about a water-splitting membrane in the electrochemical cell. A valve controls the flow of fluid through fluid orifices of the electrochemical cell. A power supply supplies a current to the first and second electrodes. A control module comprises program code to operate the valve to flow the input fluid into a fluid orifice of the electrochemical cell and provide a residence time of the fluid in the cell of at least 0.05 minutes, while controlling the power supply to supply to the first and second electrodes, a current having a current density of from about 0.01 to about 20 mA/cm2.
Abstract translation:流体处理装置包括具有流体孔口以接收输入流体并释放输出流体的电化学电池,输入流体具有第一级微生物。 第一和第二电极是电化学电池中的水分解膜。 阀控制流体通过电化学电池的流体孔。 电源向第一和第二电极提供电流。 控制模块包括用于操作阀以使输入流体流入电化学电池的流体孔口的程序代码,并且将流体在电池中的停留时间提供至少0.05分钟,同时控制电力供应到第一 和第二电极,具有约0.01至约20mA / cm 2的电流密度的电流。
Abstract:
An electrolytic sterilizing apparatus comprises an electrolytic module (10) including an inlet port (11-1) disposed at one end thereof for allowing ballast water (40) to be introduced therethrough, an outlet port (11-2) disposed at the other end thereof for allowing the ballast water (40) to be discharged therethrough, a baffle unit (20) mounted at the inlet port (11-1) side for generating eddy flow, a sensor (30) mounted at the outlet port (11-2) side for measuring residual chlorine concentration, and a chamber (11) disposed between the baffle unit (20) and the sensor (30), the chamber (11) having electrode sets (12-1) mounted therein, each of the electrode sets (12-1) including a pair of electrodes (12), a power supply unit (50) for supplying power to the electrolytic module (10), and a connecting unit (60) including a pump (61) for introducing and discharging the ballast water (40), a pipe (62) connected to the pump (61), and a valve (63).
Abstract:
A stabilizing DC current interface for an electro-deionization (EDI) water purifying module. Each EDI module comprises anionic/cationic membranes, a center pipe, nets/spacers in concentrate/dilute water chambers and an anode and cathode for coupling to the stabilizing DC current interface. Because a stabilized DC current is provided by the interface, the power to each EDI module is not influenced by water temperature, flow rate, water quality in the module, thereby providing a stabilized quality product water while saving energy. A plurality of EDI modules can be operated in electrical series using a DC current interface resulting in reduced DC power consumption.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method to treat a solution comprising ions in an ion removal step and an ion rejection step are provided. The apparatus comprises an electrochemical cell comprising a housing comprising first and second electrodes and a solution channel. A variable voltage supply is capable of maintaining the first and second electrodes at a plurality of different voltages during an ion exchange stage and a flow control device is capable of controlling the flow of solution through the channel of the cell. A controller is provided to control the voltage supply and flow control device. The ion removal step can comprise, for example, a deionization step and the ion rejection step can comprise, for example, a cell regeneration step.
Abstract:
A fluid treatment apparatus for treating a fluid comprises an electrochemical cell having fluid orifices to receive and release fluid, and a fluid passageway connecting the orifices with a water-splitting ion exchange membrane is exposed to the fluid in the passageway. First and second electrodes are positioned about the membrane. The apparatus also comprises a controller to control and operate a power supply and valve system. The power supply supplies a current to the first and second electrodes at sufficiently high current density to result in bacteriostasis, deactivation, or a reduction in the microorganisms in the fluid. The controller can also operate a set of cells to deionize fluid and regenerate the cells.
Abstract:
A mediated electrochemical oxidation process is used to treat, oxidize and destroy halogenated hydrocarbon waste materials. The waste materials are introduced into an apparatus for contacting with an electrolyte containing the oxidized form of one or more reversible redox couples, at least one of which is produced electrochemically by anodic oxidation at the anode of an electrochemical cell. The oxidized forms of any other redox couples present are produced either by similar anodic oxidation or reaction with the oxidized form of other redox couples present and capable of affecting the required redox reaction. The oxidized species of the redox couples oxidize the halogenated hydrocarbon waste molecules and are themselves converted to their reduced form, whereupon they are reoxidized by either of the aforementioned mechanisms and the redox cycle continues until all oxidizable waste species, including intermediate reaction products, have undergone the desired degree of oxidation.
Abstract:
The present invention provides an ozone generation and delivery system that lends itself to small scale applications and requires very low maintenance. The system includes an anode reservoir and a cathode phase separator each having a hydrophobic membrane to allow phase separation of produced gases from water. The system may be configured to operate passively with no moving parts or in a self-pressurizing manner with the inclusion of a pressure controlling device or valve in the gas outlet of the anode reservoir. The hydrogen gas, ozone gas and water containing ozone may be delivered under pressure.
Abstract:
The present invention provides an ozone generation and delivery system that lends itself to small scale applications and requires very low maintenance. The system includes an anode reservoir and a cathode phase separator each having a hydrophobic membrane to allow phase separation of produced gases from water. The system may be configured to operate passively with no moving parts or in a self-pressurizing manner with the inclusion of a pressure controlling device or valve in the gas outlet of the anode reservoir. The hydrogen gas, ozone gas and water containing ozone may be delivered under pressure.
Abstract:
Wastewater treatment operations, i.e. the coagulation, decomposition, sterilization and separation of impurities such as the sludge, organisms, etc. in a liquid to be treated are carried out by applying an AC voltage of a specific frequency between first and second electrodes provided in the liquid to be treated, and thereby making an AC field work on the same liquid. An AC voltage of a high frequency suited to the quality of the water in a frequency band in which metal ions, hydrogen, oxygen is dissolved into and take out in large quantities, occurring in the AC electrolysis of the object liquid elute and an AC voltage of a low frequency are switched from one to the other in a contactless manner in a predetermined cycle, and the resultant voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes. This causes crystals and bubbles of the water to be fractionated, sludge, organisms, etc. to be fractionated, the decomposition, sterilization and separation thereof with respect to the water to be promoted, the oxidation-reduction potential and oxidation potential to be varied greatly, and the electrode self-cleaning effect by a low frequency to be produced simultaneously.