公开(公告)号：US06693929B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-17

申请号：US10205643

申请日：2002-07-25

Applicant: Rene'-Jean Essiambre ,  Peter J. Winzer

Inventor： Rene'-Jean Essiambre ,  Peter J. Winzer

IPC: H01S310

CPC classification number: H04B10/505 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  H04B10/5051 ,  H04B10/508

Abstract: Optical chirped return-to-zero (CRZ) data signals are generated without the need for a separate phase modulator, by using a dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator for RZ pulse carving that is driven with two typically sinusoidal signals of either unequal amplitude or unequal relative phase, i.e. of non-vanishing phase difference.

Abstract translation: 通过使用用于RZ脉冲雕刻的双驱动马赫 - 曾德调制器来驱动具有不等幅度的两个典型的正弦信号，而不需要单独的相位调制器来产生光啁啾回归（CRZ）数据信号 相对相位不相等，即非消失相位差。

公开(公告)号：US06658174B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-02

申请号：US09810135

申请日：2001-03-16

Applicant: Christopher Richard Doerr

Inventor： Christopher Richard Doerr

IPC: G02B628

CPC classification number: G02F1/3136 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: A thermo-optic interferometer switch is arranged to operate in a Push-pull mode by placing approximately a quarter-wavelength effective path-length difference (90 degree bias) between the arms of an interferometer switch in the zero-drive state, and then driving one arm to activate the switch to one state (e.g., the bar state), and driving the other arm to go to the other state (e.g. the cross state).

公开(公告)号：US20030002766A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-02

申请号：US10185772

申请日：2002-06-28

Inventor： Valerio Pruneri ,  Antonino Nespola

IPC: G02F001/035 ,  G02B006/26

CPC classification number: G02F1/225 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: A coplanar integrated optical waveguide electro-optical modulator comprises a substrate (1) of an electro-optic material, at least two optical waveguides (41, 42) integrated in the substrate in correspondence of a surface (71) thereof, and an electrode system (80, 90, 100; 80, 90, 900; 12-15; 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170) arranged on the surface for applying a modulating electric field to the waveguides suitable for causing a modulation of a refractive index of the two waveguides in a device modulation region (50). The waveguides are formed, for at least a section thereof (411, 421) in the device modulation region, in respective substrate regions (61, 62) which have electro-optic coefficients of opposite sign along an axis transversal to the waveguide sections, so that a modulating electric field of same direction and orientation in the waveguide sections causes refractive index modulations of opposite sign in the waveguide sections. Chirp-free coplanar waveguide modulators and single-drive double coplanar strip modulators can thus be obtained.

Abstract translation: 共面的一体化光波导电光调制器包括电光材料的基片（1），至少两个与其表面（71）对应的基片中的光波导（41,42）和电极系 （80,90,100; 80,90,900; 12-15; 120,130,140,​​150,160,170），其布置在所述表面上，用于向所述波导施加调制电场，所述调制电场适于引起折射 器件调制区域（50）中的两个波导的折射率。 在器件调制区域的至少一部分（411,421）上，在沿着与波导部分横向的轴线具有相反符号的电光系数的各个衬底区域（61,62）中形成波导，因此 在波导部分中相同方向和取向的调制电场在波导部分中导致相反符号的折射率调制。 因此可以获得无啁啾共面波导调制器和单驱动双共面条带调制器。

公开(公告)号：US06377717B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-23

申请号：US09679165

申请日：2000-10-04

Applicant: Eric Mark Kimber ,  Davide Frassati

Inventor： Eric Mark Kimber ,  Davide Frassati

IPC: G02G1035

CPC classification number: G02F1/225 ,  G02F2201/122 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  G02F2203/25

Abstract: The optical modulator comprising an optical input signal waveguide, first and second interferometric waveguide arms, a modulated output signal waveguide, a splitter for dividing the input signal between the first and second arms, and a combiner for recombining the signals, transmitted along each of the first and second arms into the output signal waveguide. The first and second electrodes each of a segmented structure having a plurality of elements each extending from a respective one of the first and second electrodes and each terminating at position adjacent a length of corresponding one of the first and second arms wherein only a proportion of the elements terminate at positions such as to have an electro-optic effect on a signal transmitted through the corresponding one of the arms. Thus, only proportion of the elements are in active in the sense that only they induce a phase shift in the signal transmitted through the respective one of the arms.

Abstract translation: 该光学调制器包括光输入信号波导，第一和第二干涉波导臂，调制输出信号波导，用于分割第一和第二臂之间的输入信号的分路器，以及用于重新组合信号的组合器， 第一和第二臂进入输出信号波导。 所述第一和第二电极各自具有分段结构，其具有多个元件，每个元件从所述第一和第二电极中的相应一个延伸，并且各自终止于与所述第一和第二臂中对应的一个的长度相邻的位置，其中仅一部分 元件终止于对通过相应的一个臂传输的信号具有电光效应的位置。 因此，只有它们在通过相应的一个臂传输的信号中引起相移的意义上，只有这些元件的比例是有效的。

公开(公告)号：US20020015155A1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-07

申请号：US09906817

申请日：2001-07-18

Inventor： Ralf-Dieter Pechstedt ,  James Stuart McKenzie ,  Yicheng Lu ,  Arnold Peter Roscoe Harpin

IPC: G01B009/02

CPC classification number: G02B6/423 ,  G01B9/02023 ,  G01B9/02051 ,  G01B9/0209 ,  G01B2290/25 ,  G01B2290/40 ,  G01D5/266 ,  G02B6/4214 ,  G02F1/0121 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F1/0327 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/2257 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: An interferometer is integrated on an optical chip. The optical chip is formed on a layer of silicon separated from a substrate by a layer of insulating material. The optical chip includes an integrated fiber connector for connecting the optical chip to one or more optical fibers. The fiber connector includes a groove formed in the substrate for receiving an optical fiber and a waveguide for transmitting light to or from the fiber connector. The waveguide includes rib waveguides formed in the layer of silicon and at least one phase modulator for altering the phase of light traveling along one of the rib waveguides. This arrangement forms an interferometer in which light transmitted along different optical paths can be combined and the effective path length of at least one of the optical paths can be altered by the phase modulator.

Abstract translation: 干涉仪集成在光学芯片上。 光学芯片形成在通过绝缘材料层从衬底分离的硅层上。 光学芯片包括用于将光学芯片连接到一个或多个光纤的集成光纤连接器。 光纤连接器包括形成在基板中的用于接收光纤的槽和用于向光纤连接器传输光的波导。 波导包括形成在硅层中的肋波导和至少一个相位调制器，用于改变沿着肋波导中的一个行进的光的相位。 这种布置形成干涉仪，其中可以组合沿着不同光路传输的光，并且可以通过相位调制器改变至少一个光路的有效路径长度。

公开(公告)号：US20010046341A1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-29

申请号：US09247907

申请日：1999-02-11

Inventor： YUKINOBU NAKABAYASHI

IPC: G02B006/122 ,  G02B006/13

CPC classification number: G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/3558 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: There is provided an optical circuit including a plurality of optical wave guides each composed of electro-optic crystal such as LiNbO3, or LiTaO3 and each designed to have a domain orientation different from each other. In accordance with the present invention, a portion of an optical device is inverted with respect to a domain. For instance, in an optical wave guide having a domain-inverted portion, if electric fields having the same orientation are applied to a plurality of portions which are to vary an index of refraction thereof, indexes of refraction are caused to vary in opposite polarities. Hence, it is possible to lower a voltage at which an optical device operates. For instance, if the present invention is applied to a Mach-Zehnder type phase shifter, it would be possible to accomplish push-pull operation, only if an electric field having one orientation is applied thereto. In addition, it is possible to further lower a voltage at which the phase shifter operates, by making a difference in an index of refraction between two optical wave guides.

Abstract translation: 提供了包括多个光波导的光学电路，每个光波导由诸如LiNbO 3或LiTaO 3的电光晶体组成，并且各自被设计为具有彼此不同的畴取向。 根据本发明，光学装置的一部分相对于一个域被倒置。 例如，在具有域反转部分的光波导中，如果将具有相同取向的电场施加到要改变其折射率的多个部分，则使折射率相反的极性发生变化。 因此，可以降低光学器件工作的电压。 例如，如果将本发明应用于马赫 - 曾德尔型移相器，则只有在施加了具有一个取向的电场时，才能实现推挽操作。 此外，通过使两个光波导之间的折射率的差异，可以进一步降低移相器工作的电压。

公开(公告)号：US6163633A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-19

申请号：US86038

申请日：1998-05-28

Applicant: Tetsuji Ueda

Inventor： Tetsuji Ueda

IPC: G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02B6/26 ,  G02F1/025 ,  G01B1/02

CPC classification number: G02F1/3136 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: A optical switch comprising: a substrate; and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer circuit provided on the substrate, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer circuit comprising two directional couplers and two optical transmission lines for connecting the directional couplers to each other; elements having Peltier effect provided respectively on the two optical transmission lines; and energizing means for energizing the elements in such a manner that heat is generated from one of the elements with absorption of heat being created in the other element. By virtue of the above construction, the optical switch can realize low power consumption, low extinction ratio, and low crosstalk.

Abstract translation: 一种光学开关，包括：基板; 以及设置在基板上的马赫 - 策德尔干涉仪电路，马赫 - 策德尔干涉仪电路包括两个定向耦合器和用于将定向耦合器彼此连接的两条光传输线; 具有Peltier效应的元件分别设置在两条光传输线上; 以及用于以这样的方式激励元件的激励装置，即在另一个元件中产生吸收热量的元件之一产生热量。 凭借上述结构，光开关可实现低功耗，低消光比和低串扰。

公开(公告)号：US5193128A

公开(公告)日：1993-03-09

申请号：US813468

申请日：1991-12-26

Applicant: James D. Farina ,  Paul G. Suchoski

Inventor： James D. Farina ,  Paul G. Suchoski

IPC: G02F1/035 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02F1/225

CPC classification number: G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: An optic intensity modulator includes a substrate of an optic material that is conductive to light and acoustic waves and has both electrooptic and piezoelectric properties. A pair of associated elongated light waveguides is formed in the substrate, with the waveguides extending substantially coextensively with one another, and being separated from one another by a transverse distance that gradually varies along the courses of the waveguides. Each of two portions of light of substantially identical properties is launched into one of the waveguides for propagation longitudinally thereof, and different phase shifts are induced in the light portions as they propagate in the waveguides by imposing different variable electric fields onto each of the waveguides. The light portions are combined with one another subsequently to their emergence from the waveguides with attendant amplitude modulation of the combined output light due to interference between such phase-shifted light portions.

Abstract translation: 光学强度调制器包括对光和声波导电并具有电光和压电特性的光学材料的衬底。 在衬底中形成一对相关联的细长光波导，其中波导基本上彼此共同延伸，并且彼此分离横向距离，该横向距离沿着波导的轨迹逐渐变化。 基本上相同性质的光的两部分中的每一个被发射到波导中的一个以便于其纵向传播，并且当它们在波导中传播时，通过在每个波导上施加不同的可变电场，在光部中感应出不同的相移。 光部分彼此组合，随后由于这些相移光部分之间的干涉，从波导出现，伴随着组合的输出光的幅度调制。

公开(公告)号：US20180067375A1

公开(公告)日：2018-03-08

申请号：US15812551

申请日：2017-11-14

Applicant: INPHI CORPORATION

Inventor： Masaki KATO

IPC: G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/025 ,  G02F1/21

CPC classification number: G02F1/2257 ,  G02F1/025 ,  G02F2001/212 ,  G02F2201/121 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: An apparatus for modulating a beam of light with balanced push-pull mechanism. The apparatus includes a first waveguide comprising a first PN junction on a substrate and a second waveguide comprising a second PN junction on the silicon-on-insulator substrate. The second PN junction is a replica of the first PN junction shifted with a distance. The apparatus further includes a first source electrode and a first ground electrode coupled respectively with the first PN junction and a second source electrode and a second ground electrode coupled respectively with the second PN junction. The apparatus additionally includes a third ground electrode disposed near the second PN junction at the distance away from the second ground electrode, wherein the first ground electrode, the second ground electrode, and the third ground electrode are commonly grounded to have both PN junctions subjected to a substantially same electric field varied in ground-source-ground pattern.

公开(公告)号：US09778493B1

公开(公告)日：2017-10-03

申请号：US15409381

申请日：2017-01-18

Applicant: Oracle International Corporation

Inventor： Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy ,  Jock T. Bovington ,  Xuezhe Zheng ,  Ying Luo ,  Shiyun Lin

IPC: G02F1/01 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/125 ,  H01S5/30 ,  H01S5/50

CPC classification number: G02F1/011 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  G02F2201/34 ,  G02F2203/15 ,  G02F2203/70 ,  H01S3/082 ,  H01S3/0826 ,  H01S3/083 ,  H01S3/107 ,  H01S5/0265 ,  H01S5/125 ,  H01S5/142 ,  H01S5/3013 ,  H01S5/50

Abstract: A dual-ring-modulated laser includes a gain medium having a reflective end coupled to an associated gain-medium reflector and an output end, which is coupled to a reflector circuit through an input waveguide to form a lasing cavity. The reflector circuit comprises: a first ring modulator; a second ring modulator; and a shared waveguide that optically couples the first and second ring modulators together. The first and second ring modulators have resonance peaks that are tuned to be offset in alignment from each other to provide an effective reflectance having a flat-top response, which is aligned with an associated lasing cavity mode. The first and second ring modulators are driven in tandem based on the same electrical input signal, whereby the resonance peaks of the first and second ring modulators shift wavelengths in the same direction during modulation, and an effective reflectance stays within the flat-top wavelength range.