Abstract:
A device for the automatic addition of a corrosion inhibitor to a cooling system, such as in an automobile engine, utilizing osmotic pressure. The device includes a container for a concentrated corrosion inhibitor solution with a semi-permeable osmotic membrane in contact with and separating the inhibitor solution from the coolant in the overflow reservoir. With properly inhibited coolant, the osmotic pressures balance, but if the level of inhibitor in the coolant drops, water passes through the membrane to force inhibitor solution through an overflow tube or opening to mix with the coolant and raise the inhibitor level therein to a predetermined value.
Abstract:
An osmotically driven distributor for use in a liquid medium comprising: a substantially rigid case, a moving diaphragm within the case dividing the inside thereof in a first compartment and a second compartment, arranging the portion of the case defining the first compartment of an outlet duct and the portion of the box defining the second compartment being semipermeable; an active agent composition contained within the first compartment and filling the latter; and an osmotically effective composition in the second compartment that imbibes liquid from the medium through the box to the second compartment causing a pressure to be exerted on the mobile diaphragm and the active agent composition to be displaced from the first compartment in response to that. Pressure through the outlet to the middle. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
Abstract:
This invention provides mixed conducting metal oxides particularly useful for the manufacture of catalytic membranes for gas-phase oxygen separation processes. The materials of this invention have the general formula: AxA'x'A''¿2-(x+x')?ByB'y'B''¿2-(y+y')?O5+z where: x and x' are greater than 0; y and y' are greater than 0; x+x' is less than or equal to 2; y+y' is less than or equal to 2; z is a number that makes the metal oxide charge neutral; A is an element selected from the lanthanide elements and yttrium; A' is an element selected from the Group 2 elements; B is an element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In or mixtures thereof; and B' and B'' are different elements and are independently selected from the group of elements Mg or the d-block transition elements. Mixed metal oxides in which B' and B' are Fe and Co are particularly preferred for membranes having high oxygen flux rates. The invention also provides methods and catalytic reactors for oxygen separation and oxygen enrichment of oxygen deficient gases which employ mixed conducting metal oxides of the above formula.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an improved spray pyrolysis or spray drying method for the production of inorganic oxides and mixed oxides or powder materials and to a facility for implementing said method.
Abstract:
The invention pertains to a process for the preparation of an organic compound by a condensation reaction in which, besides the organic compound, other products are formed and one or more of the products formed during the preparation are extracted from the reaction mixture with the aid of a membrane. The reaction is carried out at a temperature above 80 °C and one or more of the products formed during the reaction are extracted from the reaction mixture by the aid of an inorganic membrane with an average pore size of the separating layer of less than 0.5 nm.
Abstract:
The invention provides a gas generator comprising an assembly (1) comprising a layer (5) of a first material, the first material separating a first space (9) from a second space (11), and means for provided a differential across the layer for at least one species, the layer (5, 13) being capable of transporting electrons and transporting ions of the at least one species and resisting the flow of gas from one space to the other. It is particularly preferred that urania doped with one or more rare earth metals contribute to the first material layer. Improved efficiency and flow rates of gas generation result.