Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus capable of reliably detecting clots at low costs when detecting clots in a liquid, and a corresponding laboratory automation system.SOLUTION: Method for detecting clots 1 in a liquid 2 stored in a sample container 3 comprises the steps: a) irradiating the sample container at changeable vertical irradiation position P_0 to P_n by light having a first wavelength by a first light source such that the light emitted from the first light source passes through the sample container along a first measurement path; b) measuring an intensity of light having the first wavelength, which passes along the first measurement path and exits the sample container; and c) detecting the clots 1 in accordance with the measured intensity.
Abstract:
One example of the present approach provides a handheld, integrated device for determining the scattering and/or absorption properties of a medium by performing optical time- of-flight measurements. The device comprises a probe for inserting into the medium; and at least one solid state source configured to transmit an optical signal from the probe into the medium, and at least one solid state detector configured to receive said transmitted optical signal from the medium after propagation through said medium, subject to scattering and absorption within the medium. The at least one solid state source and the at least one solid state detector are configured to provide two or more propagation paths of different path-length through said medium. The at least one solid state detector is configured to detect timing information for the received optical signal to allow a time-of-flight to be determined for each of the two or more propagation paths.
Abstract:
A nephelometer for determining the turbidity of a body of fluid in which a light beam is directed as an angled beam through the body and two light detectors measure the intensity of light scatter at two points in the beam. The two measurements are divided and scaled, and then the result is logarithmically amplified and displayed as the turbidity.
Abstract:
Defect detection and photoluminescence measurement of a sample directing a beam of oblique-illumination wavelength light onto a portion of the sample, directing a beam of normal-illumination wavelength light for causing one or more photoluminescing defects of the sample to emit photoluminescent light onto a portion of the sample, collecting defect scattered radiation or photoluminescence radiation from the sample, separating the radiation from the sample into a first portion of radiation in the visible spectrum, a second portion of radiation including the normal-illumination wavelength light, and at least a third portion of radiation including the oblique-illumination wavelength light, measuring one or more characteristics of the first portion, the second portion or the third portion of radiation; detecting one or more photoluminescence defects or one or more scattering defects based on the measured one or more characteristics of the first portion, the second portion or the third portion of radiation.
Abstract:
The biological information imaging apparatus includes an acoustic wave detector 107 that detects an acoustic wave that is generated from a light absorber 105 and converts it to a first electrical signal; a photo-detector 110 that detects intensities of the light corresponding to a plurality of propagation distances of the light which propagates through the specimen 110 and converts it to a second electrical signal; a signal processing apparatus 111 that derives an average effective attenuation coefficient µ eff of the specimen 110 based on the second electrical signal and derives an optical absorption coefficient µ a of the specimen 110 based on the first electrical signal and the average effective attenuation coefficient µ eff ; and an image constructing apparatus 111 that constructs an image of the distribution of the optical absorption coefficient µ a based on the distribution of the optical absorption coefficient µ a .
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for monitoring the condition of a medium (50) in a channel (33), based on the transmission/emission of light, in which - a light at a set wavelength is conducted through a medium layer defined by a measuring gap (13.1) in a measuring head (12) pushed in from an opening (31) in the wall (30) of the channel (33), - the intensity of the light passed through medium layer, or a variable proportional to it is measured, and - the condition of the medium is evaluated, using measuring electronics (15), from the change of the intensity, according to established criteria. In the method, the wavelength of light used is such that the resolution of the aging phenomenon of the medium being monitored is optimal and the relationship of the temperature dependence of the medium to the measuring variable is taken into account. In addition, the invention also relates to a corresponding device (10).
Abstract:
Disclosed is a sample element for use in analyzing a concentration of an analyte in a material sample. The sample element comprises a sample chamber having at least one window, and a supply passage extending from the sample chamber. The supply passage defines a supply axis. The sample element further comprises a vent opening in fluid communication with the sample chamber. The vent opening is offset from the supply axis as the sample element is viewed orthogonal to the window.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for inspecting integrated circuits fabricated on semiconductor wafers and/or masks used in the manufacture of such integrated circuits. An objesct of the invention isto reduce the number of false alarms due the misdection of defect, for example due to contamination on the optical surfaces of the inspection system. A mask is inspected by imaging an area thereof at least twice using an imaging beam passing through different optical paths, each including mirrors (M11,M12,M2), to three or more cameras, each of which is used to capture an image of the area.
Abstract:
A multiple angle and redundant visibility sensor includes a plurality of transmitter/receiver pairs (10 and 12), each pair cooperatively coupled so as to transmit and receive in conically controlled beams along a common optical axis such that each transmitter faces, and directs optical energy directly into, its receiver pair. The plurality of pairs are staggered in angular orientation with respect to each other, with a common volume of intersection through which the approximate center of each optical axis passes. Each transmitter propagates a substantially conical beam of light which passes through an aerosol media which causes molecular scattering of the light. A single transmitter outputs optical energy at any given time, and the receiver intercept the appropriate scattered energy at different scattering angles depending on the relative axial orientation with respect to the scattering volume and the incident radiation. Automatic calibration is effected by measuring the transmission properties through the forward beam or between cooperating pairs of transmitters and receiver elements. The various scattered energies are then compared to this direct path intensity to obtain the appropriate angular scattering coefficients.