Abstract:
An optical waveguide element (1A) includes a three-dimensional waveguide (4) of a non-linear optical crystal, a substrate (2), and a joining layer (3) made of an amorphous material through which the substrate is joined to the optical waveguide. Optical damage at high output is suppressed.
Abstract:
A first film (8) is formed between a substrate (1) and a signal electrode (3); ground electrodes (5) and (6) which constitute an optical waveguide device (10), and a second film (9) is formed between the substrate (1) and a signal electrode (4); ground electrodes (6) and (7). An optical phase modulator (10A) is composed of the substrate (1), an optical waveguide (2), the signal electrode (3), the ground electrodes (5) and (6), and the first film (8). An optical intensity modulator (10B) is composed of the substrate (1), the optical waveguide (2), the signal electrode (4), the ground electrodes (6) and (7), and the second film (9). The optical waveguide device (10) is composed of the optical phase modulator (10A) and the optical intensity modulator (10B), which are integrated monolithically.
Abstract:
This is an electro-optic modulator having an electro-optic substrate such as lithium niobate (100), an optical waveguide (200) defined within the substrate, an electrode structure including a microwave transmission line (300) elevated from the substrate by conductive legs (350A). In one embodiment, a low-dielectric constant buffer layer (400) is disposed between the substrate and the transmission line. The conductive legs extend from the transmission line to a surface of the substrate toward the wavequide, through the buffer layer. The microwave transmission line is elevated from the substrate at a distance such that the electrical propagation velocity is at a maximum. The high electrical velocity is offset by a loading capacitance introduced by the conductive legs which slows the electrical velocity down on the transmission line to match the optical velocity. Pairs of opposing conductive legs provide a strong electric filed for modulating the optical signal.
Abstract:
An electro-optic device such as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer that includes a lithium niobate substrate having an optical waveguide that is formed in an upper surface of the substrate is described. The device includes a polymer buffer layer formed on the upper surface of the substrate. The polymer may be non-conductive or conductive. An electrode is formed on an upper surface of the buffer layer and is positioned to receive an RF signal that induces an electrical field in the optical waveguide. A conductive charge bleed-off layer may be formed between the buffer layer and the electrode in order to bleed-off pyroelectric charge. A semiconductor charge bleed-off layer may be formed between the substrate and the buffer layer.
Abstract:
A power-saving, miniaturized, high-performance light directional coupler. At least two closely-arranged parallel light waveguides of an LiNbO3 monocrystal film are formed in an LiTaO3 mono-crystalline substrate or on the substrate. Means for varying the refractive index of the waveguide is provided at least on one of the light waveguides. In addition, the crystal lattice of the LiTaO3 monocrystal substrate and that of the LiNbO3 monocrystal film constituting the light waveguides are matched with each other.
Abstract:
An acousto-optical device includes a light waveguide path formed on an acousto-optical substrate, a transducer which crosses the light waveguide path and propagates a surface acoustic wave along the light waveguide path, and a buffer layer provided so that finger electrodes of the transducer are spaced apart from the light waveguide path in crossing portions in which the finger electrodes cross the light waveguide path. The finger electrodes have other portions which directly contact the substrate.
Abstract:
In a waveguide-type optical device, two optical waveguides (2a,2b) are formed in a substrate (1) of LiNbO₃ or LiTaO₃. On the substrate and the two waveguides, a blocking layer (7) is formed to block a diffusion of Li ions from the substrate. On the blocking layer, a buffer layer (3) made from SiO₂ is formed. Each of electrodes (4a,4b) from which operation voltages are supplied covers each coupling part of the two optical waveguides, respectively via the blocking layer (7) and the buffer layer (3).
Abstract:
A modulator comprising a substrate (4); a waveguide (5) formed on the substrate for receiving incident light; two phase-shift light waveguides (6) diverging from the incident light waveguide (5) and formed on the substrate (4), the phases of light transmitted through the waveguides (6) change with the intensity of electric field; and an exit light waveguide (7) formed on the substrate (4) where the phase-shift light waveguides (6) joins each other. At least one of the phase-shift light waveguides (6) has a part (8) where the polarization is inverted. A transparent film may be formed on one or plural areas on the phase-shift light waveguides (6). A buffer layer (14) may be provided on the phase-shift light waveguides (6) or near it. On the part where no buffer layer (14) is provided, a film of transparent material may be formed partly or entirely in order to exert stress on the phase-shift light waveguides (6). Partly on one of the phase-shift light waveguides (6), there may be provided a member which exerts stress on it. A device (26) may also be provided for irradiating partly or entirely the phase-shift light waveguides (6) with light.
Abstract:
A power-saving, miniaturized, high-performance light directional coupler. At least two closely-arranged parallel light waveguides of an LiNbO₃ monocrystal film are formed in an LiTaO₃ mono-crystalline substrate or on the substrate. Means for varying the refractive index of the waveguide is provided at least on one of the light waveguides. In addition, the crystal lattice of the LiTaO₃ monocrystal substrate and that of the LiNbO₃ monocrystal film constituting the light waveguides are matched with each other.