Abstract:
A metal throw-away insert has a pair of plain, parallel top and bottom surfaces and at least three plain side faces perpendicular to said surfaces and linked together polygonally. A plurality of grooves are provided on the surfaces which with each groove extending along and closely spaced away from the line formed between one of the side faces and one of the surfaces adjoining the same. Each group is uniformly convex and closest at its center portion to the adjoining one with grooves being inwardly inclined to define an acute angle with respect to said one''s surface in a direction away from the adjoining line.
Abstract:
Indexable cutting inserts having a multiplicity of successively usable cutting edges, the inserts having pre-ground areas of circular cross-section formed by spin grinding directly in the rear of all of the cutting edges.
Abstract:
A face milling tool comprises a holder and a bit of slice-like form of circular or lobed outline detachably secured on a seating by a screw or the like traversing a central aperture and presented so that the side wall is the rake face and the end face is the clearance face. The bit can be indexed on the securing means. A lobed bit has convex cutting edges of much larger radius than the average radius of the bit.
Abstract:
IN A MILLING CUTTER, MORE PARTICULARLY A MULTIPLE-INSERT MILLING CUTTER, THE REMOVABLY CLAMPED INSERTS ARE NOT LOCKED IN RECESSES BUT ARE RETAINED IN RECESSES SOLELY BY SPRING MEANS. SIDE EDGES OF THE INSERTS REST AGAINST FIXED LOCATION MEMBERS IN THE RECESSES AND ARE PRESSED AGAINST SAID MEMBERS BY CUTTING FORCES ARISING FROM USE OF THE TOOL.
Abstract:
A milling insert, including an upperside, an underside, and a reference plane parallel to the upperside and the underside. A plurality of indexable cutting edges are formed along a peripheral borderline in transitions between at least the upperside and a number of clearance surfaces. Each cutting edge includes a chip-removing main edge and a surface-wiping secondary edge, the secondary edge forming an obtuse angle with the main edge as viewed in planar view from the upperside. The main edge, from a first end of the main edge adjacent to the secondary edge, first declines toward the underside of the milling insert and then, from a lowest part, rises toward an opposite second end of the main edge. The secondary edge is inclined at an angle (ε) in relation to the reference plane as viewed perpendicularly to the clearance surface of the secondary edge, such that a first end of the secondary edge connected to the main edge is situated on a lower level than the opposite, second end of the secondary edge.
Abstract:
A milling insert, including an upperside, an underside, and a reference plane parallel thereto. A plurality of indexable cutting edges are formed along a peripheral borderline in transitions between at least the upperside and a number of clearance surfaces. Each cutting edge includes a chip-removing main edge and a surface-wiping secondary edge. The main edge, from a first end of the main edge adjacent to the secondary edge, declines toward the underside of the milling insert and then, from a lowest part, rises toward an opposite second end of the main edge. The secondary edge is inclined at an angle (ε) in relation to the reference plane as viewed perpendicularly to the clearance surface of the secondary edge, such that a first end of the secondary edge connected to the main edge is situated on a lower level than the opposite, second end of the secondary edge.
Abstract:
In a rotary cutting tool used for milling operations, a reversible cutting insert is removably secured in a cutting body. The cutting insert has two opposing end surfaces interconnected by a continuous peripheral surface, which includes three side surfaces alternating with three corner surfaces. The side and corner surfaces intersect with both end surfaces at side and corner edges, respectively, with each side edge having a major cutting edge, and each corner edge having a corner and minor cutting edge. Each minor cutting edge has a projected minor cutting length, in an end view, and each associated minor relief surface has a minor relief width between two lateral boundary points contained in a horizontal plane, varying with an offset distance between the horizontal plane and a median plane. Each projected minor cutting length is greater than the maximum minor relief width of its associated minor relief surface.
Abstract:
A method for designing a cutting edge of a cutting element configured for removing material from a workpiece to leave therein a desired end profile (B22,B24,B26). The method comprises the steps of modeling a desired end profile (B22,B24,B26) of the workpiece, the profile having a longitudinal axis and being defined by a bottom surface (B12), a side surface (B16) and an adjustment surface (B14) extending therebetween; defining a lead profile plane (RP1) and an trail profile plane (RPT) spaced therefrom, each of the planes being oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis; determining a profile contour defined by the intersection line between the end profile (B22,B24,B26) and the lead profile plane (RPL). The contour profile includes a bottom contour, an adjoining contour and a side contour defined as the intersection lines between the lead profile plane (RPL) and the bottom surface (B12), the adjustment surface (B14) and the side surface (B16) respectively; designing a rake surface and a relief surface, the intersection line between which defines a cutting edge lying in the adjoining surface (B14) and spanning between the lead profile plane (RPL) and the trail profile plane (RPT). The cutting edge is designed such that in any reference plane (RP; FIG. 6A) oriented perpendicularly to the cutting edge, the intersection between each of the rake surface and the relief surface with the reference plane (RP) defines a respective rake line (RK; FIG. 7) and relief line (RF; FIG. 7), the angle (θB) between the lines RK,RF) being equal to or smaller than a similar angle (θB) taken along each of a plurality of similar reference planes (RP) disposed between the reference plane (RPn) and the lead profile plane (RPL)
Abstract:
A cutting insert is provided with a plurality of cutting portions formed at the intersection portion of each end surface and a peripheral surface. Each cutting portion includes first and second cutting edges. First corners and second corners which differ in their internal angles are alternately formed in each end surface. An internal angle of the first corner is smaller than an internal angle of the second corner. Each first cutting edge has a portion extending to approach the median plane as a distance from a corresponding first corner increases. A first side surface portion extending on the peripheral surface from each first cutting edge forms an insert internal obtuse angle, and a second side surface portion extending on the peripheral surface from each second cutting edge forms an insert internal acute angle.