Abstract:
Acicular, crystalline calcium metaphosphate having a length to average diameter ratio of at least 10:1 can be prepared by forming a melt of materials used as a source of calcium, phosphorus and alkali metal, usually at about 1000to 1200°C., cooling the melt to within the range about 550°C. to about 970°c., inducing acicular crystal formation, and recovering the acicular crystals. The diameters of the resultant acicular, crystalline calcium metaphosphates can vary from an average of 0.5 micron or smaller up to several microns. Cryst- afs having a length of several centimeters can be prepared. Such acicular, crystalline calcium metaphosphates are useful in a number of applications, and particularly to prepare composites with organic polymeric materials.
Abstract in simplified Chinese:本发明旨在提供一种具有优良的耐热性、机械稳定性、防水性、抗腐蚀性、抗负荷性及滞焰性之润滑组成物。为此目的,本发明建议将从2至68重量%的磷酸三钙(相对于总组成物)加入至可为矿物油及/或合成油之基油。进一步加入界面活性剂,且将整体完全混合及揉捏以提供半固体润滑组成物。对界面活性剂来说,非离子型界面活性剂最合适且可使用脂肪酸酯类,诸如甘油脂肪酸酯类、脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯类及蔗糖脂肪酸酯类。所使用的量相对于总组成物从0.2至18重量%。
Abstract in simplified Chinese:本发明提供有机聚合物组合物复合物,包含有机聚合物基料及分散偏布基料之填料,填料大体呈分开颗粒存在于基料,各颗粒约略为填料之基本颗粒大小。填料为独特混合金属氢氧化物组合物,系呈次微米大小颗粒获得。此等颗粒铺层且具有BET比表面积超过约100㎡/g。微粒阴离子选择可与有机聚合物兼容,因此填料颗粒容易分散偏布聚合物基料。
Abstract:
Crystalline aluminates of the formula: I. (LiAx)y.2Al(OH)3.nH2O II. Li(R)v_r.2Al(OH)3.nH2O, or III. Mm(R)v_r.(D)w_z2Al(OH)3.nH2O wherein A is one or more anions and/or negative-valence radicals or mixtures thereof; wherein, in formula I, x is a quantity of A ions or radicals sufficient to substantially satisfy the valence requirements of Li; wherein n is zero or the number of waters of hydration; wherein y is a numerical value at least sufficient to maintain the crystalline structure; wherein R is a monocarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid of C6 C22, including those which are OH substituted; wherein r is greater than zero and represents the number of R ions in the molecule; wherein v is the valence of R, being monovalent or divalent; wherein M is divalent Zn or Ca cations; wherein D represents inorganic anions of valence 1-3, represented by w; wherein z is equal to or greater than zero and represents the number of D anions; wherein, in formula II, vr represents an amount of R anions to substantially satisfy the valence requirements of Li; wherein, in formula III, r>z and (vr + wz) represents an amount of combined anions, R and A, to substantially satisfy the valence requirements of M; with m representing the number of divalent M cations and having a numerical value in the range of 1 to 4, are found to improve the coefficient of friction and antiwear properties of lubrication fluids subjected to shearing, rubbing, or grinding forces at elevated pressure. Also, useful compositions are prepared by incorporating into organic materials, crystalline lithium aluminates of formula I.