Abstract:
Procédé de fabrication du 1,1-difluoroéthane par fluoration en phase liquide du 1,2-dichloroéthane au moyen de l’acide fluorhydrique, en présence comme catalyseur d’un acide de Lewis, et de FeC1 3 comme cocatalyseur. Procédé de fabrication du 1,1-difluoroéthylène le mettant en oeuvre.
Abstract:
Réacteur de fluoration en phase liquide, pourvu comme moyen de chauffage d'un élément fixé sur le couvercle de manière à plonger jusqu'au fond de la cuve, caractérisé en ce que les parties dudit réacteur susceptibles d'être en contact avec le milieu réactionnel, autres que l'élément de chauffage, sont revêtues d'un copolymère de tétrafluoroéthylène et d' hexafluoropropylène, et en ce que la partie de l'élément de chauffage susceptible d'être en contact avec le milieu réactionnel est constituée de carbure de silicium. Procédé de fluoration en phase liquide correspondant.
Abstract:
A method for producing a tetrafluoroolefin, such as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), comprises contacting 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2-fluoropropane (HCFC-241bb) with or without a catalyst under conditions effective to convert the 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2-fluoropropane (HCFC-241bb) to the tetrafluoroolefin, optionally, via an intermediate. The conversion may be a one-step fluorination or a two-step fluorination and dehydrochlorination process. The 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2-fluoropropane (HCFC-241bb) may also be obtained by dehydrochlorinating 1,2,3-trichloropropane (HCC-260da) to form 2,3-dichloropropene (HCO-1250xf); fluorinating 2,3-dichloropropene (HCO-1250xf) to form 1,2-dichloro-2-fluoropropane (HCFC-261bb); and chlorinating 1,2-dichloro-2-fluoropropane (HCFC-261bb) to form 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2-fluoropropane (HCFC-241bb).
Abstract:
The present invention provides methods for selecting refrigerant and lubricant combinations for use in heat transfer cycle systems and provides methods for operating said heat transfer systems. More particularly, the invention provides methods to select lubricant and refrigerant combinations for a heat transfer cycle system wherein at the lower temperatures of the heat transfer cycle the refrigerant and lubricant are miscible and at the upper temperatures of the heat transfer cycle the refrigerant and lubricant are phase separated and such that the density phase inversion temperature of the combination is below the upper operating temperature of the heat transfer cycle.
Abstract:
A blowing agent for thermosetting foams is disclosed. The blowing agent is 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobutene-1 alone or in combination with a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO), hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO), or a hydrocarbon. The blowing agent is effective as a blowing agent in the manufacture of thermosetting foams.
Abstract:
Provided are azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions comprised of E -1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO- E -1233zd)and isopropanol, and uses thereof.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for the manufacture of trans 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (E-1233zd). The first step of the process comprises the fluorination of 1,1,3,3- tetrachlororopropene (1230za, CCh=CH-CHCh) and/or 1,1,1,3,3- pentaachloropropane (240fa) to a mixture of cis 1233zd (Z-1233zd) and trans 1233zd (E-1233zd). The second step of the process comprises a separation of the mixture formed in the first step to isolate cis 1233zd (Z-1233zd) from the mixture. The third step of the process comprises isomerization of cis 1233zd (Z-1233zd) to trans 1233zd (E- 1233zd).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to formulated systems of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1233zd) and/or 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1233xf) that are sufficiently thermally and chemically stable such that they can be effectively used sans additional stabilizers. The formulations of the present invention are particularly useful compositions for refrigeration, heat transfer, and foam pre-mixes.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to blowing agent compositions comprising the unsaturated halogenated hydroolefin 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFO 1243zf) and combinations including primarily 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFO 1243zf). The blowing agent compositions are useful in that they provide sufficient plasticization to permit the production of low density insulating thermoplastic foams with improved k-factor.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for preparing 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, comprising the following steps: (a) catalytic reaction of 1, 1, 1, 2, 3-pentachloropropane and/or 1, 1, 2, 2, 3-pentachloropropane with HF into product 2- chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene; (b) catalytic reaction of the thus-obtained 2-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene into 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene.