Abstract:
A process of determining color compatibility in matter with one or more pre-established categories of colors. Each color category is determined by establishing ranges of values of at least one color characteristic defining each color category. This is done by: (a) identifying the color family of the matter; (b) selecting at least one color characteristic in the matter predetermined to determine compatibility of the color within the identified color family of the matter with colors in the one or more categories of colors; (c) measuring color values of the matter; (d) calculating the value of the at least one color characteristic from the measured color values of the matter, and (e) comparing the calculated value of the at least one color characteristic of the matter with predetermined ranges of values of that color characteristic in colors compatible with the colors in the one or more of the categories of colors and thereby classifying the color of the matter into said one or more categories of colors in dependence upon the value range within which the calculated value resides.
Abstract:
A process of identifying skin color categories based on skin color undertones of an individual person. The process involving using a color measuring device to determine the value of a yellow-blue factor of the skin color of an individual person, said yellow-blue factor being inversely weighted by a function of the lightness of the color. Once this is done, the skin color of the individual person is classified into one of plural categories of skin color based solely upon the location of the determined value in one of pre-established plural numerical value ranges defining said categories.
Abstract:
A process of determining color compatibility in matter with one or more pre-established categories of colors. Each color category is determined by establishing ranges of values of at least one color characteristic defining each color category. This is done by:
(a) identifying the color family of the matter; (b) selecting at least one color characteristic in the matter predetermined to determine compatibility of the color within the identified color family of the matter with colors in the one or more categories of colors; (c) measuring color values of the matter; (d) calculating the value of the at least one color characteristic from the measured color values of the matter, and (e) comparing the calculated value of the at least one color characteristic of the matter with predetermined ranges of values of that color characteristic in colors compatible with the colors in the one or more of the categories of colors and thereby classifying the color of the matter into said one or more categories of colors in dependence upon the value range within which the calculated value resides.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for calibrating a color measuring instrument with a color standard and verifying the color standard and calibration are provided. One method includes providing a color standard having a surface with at least two different colors (preferably arranged for a simultaneous color measurement), calibrating the instrument, and verifying that said color standard is an authorized color standard of a predetermined specification and that the calibration of the color measuring instrument has achieved predetermined specified results. Some of the provided methods and apparatus use a photosensitive portion of the color standard that changes color in a known way when exposed to a predetermined dose of light. Various color standards for use with this invention are provided.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for determining accurate hair color classifications and appropriate coloring agents to bring about a selected change of color include a table of hair color classifications, a color measuring instrument to arrive at Hunter L, a and b for use in identifying a particular classification from the table and a database that identifies appropriate coloring agents based on a selection of coloring actions from a menu and the classifications of hair color.
Abstract:
Skin coloration categories are identified based upon blue and yellow undertones of the skin using a color measuring device, developing the Hunter b value, utilizing that value alone to determine which of several categories of skin coloration a subject's skin exhibits. Category selection is made by comparison of measured Hunter b with ranges of Hunter b value of skin color categories. Instrumentation to effect the method includes the color measuring device, a central processing unit (CPU), memory storing the ranges of Hunter b, and an output device such as a printer, LCD, or CRT. The skin color Hunter b is calculated and compared to stored ranges to assign a category. The output device displays the category of skin color based upon the central processing unit's comparison. Colors compatible with skin color categories are identified or formulated based upon broad color family designation, yellow, brown, red, etc., and a comparison of measured and stored ranges of known or specially developed color characteristics for the particular family.