公开(公告)号：FR1350455A

公开(公告)日：1964-01-24

申请号：FR927800

申请日：1963-03-13

Applicant: BASF AG

Inventor： NIESWANDT WERNER ,  BILLE HEINZ ,  BRUENING DIETHELM

IPC: C08J3/14 ,  D01D5/06 ,  D01D5/11 ,  D01D5/40 ,  D01F6/00 ,  D01F6/60

Abstract: Fine fibres suitable for use in making papers, or cardboards are made by dissolving a polymer in an acid and reprecipitating it by diluting the acid solution with water with the use of a high shearing stress. In the example, polyhexamethylene adipamide is dissolved in sulphuric acid and the solution is dripped into water in a vessel provided with stirring means and baffles. After separation of the fibres, the diluted acid may be concentrated for reuse. Other acids referred to are hydrochloric, phosphoric and formic. Suitable polymers are polyhexamethylene - adipamide, polycaprolactam, polyacrylonitrile and polyethylene terephthalate. The fibres obtained may be processed alone or mixed with other natural or synthetic fibres on a paper-making machine to form non-woven fabrics, papers or cardboards. The fibres can be made to cohere by heating in the presence of water at temperatures below the softening points of the polymers.

公开(公告)号：FR1264266A

公开(公告)日：1961-06-19

申请号：FR834113

申请日：1960-07-27

Applicant: BASF AG

Inventor： WILHELM HANS ,  BRUENING DIETHELM ,  RUEMENS WILHELM ,  BEIDECK KURT

IPC: C08F20/56

公开(公告)号：CA732258A

公开(公告)日：1966-04-12

申请号：CA732258D

Applicant: BASF AG

Inventor： HASSE KARL ,  BRUENING DIETHELM ,  REINBOLD IMMO ,  POHLEMANN HEINZ

公开(公告)号：GB1021887A

公开(公告)日：1966-03-09

申请号：GB4807262

申请日：1962-12-20

Applicant: BASF AG

Inventor： BRUENING DIETHELM ,  WOLF HANS ,  KRAUSE HANS-JOACHIM ,  WILHELM HANS

IPC: C08F2/24 ,  C08L31/02 ,  C08L33/08 ,  C08L89/00 ,  D21H19/58 ,  D21H19/60

Abstract: Compositions for coating paper comprise an alkaline casein solution and a polymer dispersion obtained by emulsion polymerization of a mixture of 90 to 99.9 weight per cent of one or more water-insoluble saponifiable ethylenically unsaturated compounds and 10 to 0.1 weight per cent of one or more ethylenically unsaturated compounds which yield water-soluble polymers, at a pH of 3 to 6.5 in the presence of 0.3 to 5 weight per cent based on the monomers of one or more alkali metal or ammonium salts of sulphuric acid half esters of reaction products of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with compounds containing hydroxyl, carboxyl, amide or imide groups, any adjustment of pH to a value above 6.5 being effected only after polymerization is completed. Specified watersoluble monomers are acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, fumaric, a -ethylacrylic, crotonic, a -chloracrylic and vinyl sulphonic acids, acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinyl lactams such as N-vinyl pyrrolidone, C-vinyl amines, N-vinyl amines and salts thereof. Specified saponifiable compounds are vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, acrylic and methacrylic esters of alcohols containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, maleic and itaconic esters and N,N-dibutylacrylamide. The monomer mixture may also comprise minor proportions of unsaponifiable compounds such as vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, butadiene, isoprene and styrene; and water soluble compounds which yield water-insoluble polymers, e.g. acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile and acrolein. The emulsifiers may be derived from fatty alcohols, fatty acids, resin acids, amides and imides of carboxylic and sulphonic acids, alkyl phenols and alkyl naphthols, and may be used alone or together with other emulsifiers and stabilizers, e.g. alkali metal and ammonium salts of carboxylic and sulphonic acids or sulphuric acid half esters, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyacrylamide. amide. The casein may be dissolved in aqueous ammonia, ethanolamine or caustic soda. The coating compositions may also contain soya bean meal, starches, water-soluble cellulose derivatives, dispersing agents, optical brighteners, dyes and pigments, e.g. kaolin, barium sulphate, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide and calcium sulphoaluminate. Examples describe (1) the preparation of a dispersion by copolymerizing sodium vinyl sulphonate, acrylic acid, vinyl propionate and n-butyl acrylate in the presence of potassium persulphate and the sodium sulphate half ester of an ethylene oxide-iso-octylphenol condensate; and coating compositions comprising caustic soda solubilized casein, kaolin and aqueous dispersions prepared as in Example (1) of copolymers of sodium vinyl sulphonate and acrylic acid with (1) vinyl propionate and n-butyl acrylate, (2 and 3) vinyl propionate and (4) isobutyl acrylate and t.-butyl acrylate.ALSO:Paper may be coated with compositions comprising an alkaline casein solution and a polymer dispersion obtained by emulsion polymerization of a mixture of 90-99,9 weight per cent of one or more water-insoluble saponifiable ethylenically unsaturated compounds and 10-0,1 weight per cent of one or more ethylenically unsaturated compounds which yield water-soluble polymers, at a pH of 3-6,5 in the presence of 0,3-5 weight per cent based on the monomers of one or more alkali metal or ammonium salts of sulphuric acid half esters of reaction products of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with compounds containing hydroxyl, carboxyl, amide or imide groups, any adjustment of pH to a value above 6,5 being effected after polymerization is completed. The compositions may also comprise soya bean meal, starches, water-soluble cellulose derivatives, dispersing agents, optical brighteners, dyes and pigments, e.g. kaolin, barium sulphate, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide and calcium sulphoaluminate. Specified monomers yielding water-soluble polymers are acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, fumaric, a -ethyl acrylic, crotonic, a -chloracrylic and vinyl sulphonic acids, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, C-vinyl pyridines, N-vinyl pyridines and salts thereof. Specified saponifiable compounds are vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, acrylic and methacrylic esters of alcohols containing 1-4 carbon atoms, maleic and itaconic esters and N,N-dibutylacrylamide. The monomer mixture may also comprise minor proportions of unsaponifiable compounds such as vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, butadiene, isoprene and styrene; and water-soluble compounds yielding water-insoluble polymers, e.g. acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile and acrolein. The casein may be dissolved in aqueous ammonia, ethanolamine or caustic soda. Examples describe the coating of paper with compositions comprising caustic soda solubilized casein, kaolin and dispersions of copolymers of sodium vinyl sulphonate and acrylic acid with (1) vinyl propionate and n-butyl acrylate, (2 and 3) vinyl propionate and (4) isobutyl acrylate and t.butyl acrylate, prepared in the presence of the sodium sulphate half ester of an isooctyl phenol-ethylene oxide condensate.

公开(公告)号：FR84995E

公开(公告)日：1965-05-21

申请号：FR957926

申请日：1963-12-20

Applicant: BASF AG

Inventor： BRUENING DIETHELM ,  LINGE HERMANN

IPC: C08J3/14 ,  D01D5/06 ,  D01D5/11 ,  D01D5/40 ,  D01F6/00 ,  D01F6/60

Abstract: Fine fibres suitable for use in making papers, or cardboards are made by dissolving a polymer in an acid and reprecipitating it by diluting the acid solution with water with the use of a high shearing stress. In the example, polyhexamethylene adipamide is dissolved in sulphuric acid and the solution is dripped into water in a vessel provided with stirring means and baffles. After separation of the fibres, the diluted acid may be concentrated for reuse. Other acids referred to are hydrochloric, phosphoric and formic. Suitable polymers are polyhexamethylene - adipamide, polycaprolactam, polyacrylonitrile and polyethylene terephthalate. The fibres obtained may be processed alone or mixed with other natural or synthetic fibres on a paper-making machine to form non-woven fabrics, papers or cardboards. The fibres can be made to cohere by heating in the presence of water at temperatures below the softening points of the polymers.

公开(公告)号：GB887900A

公开(公告)日：1962-01-24

申请号：GB861960

申请日：1960-03-11

Applicant: BASF AG

Inventor： WILHELM HANS ,  PENNING ERNST ,  BRUENING DIETHELM ,  POSCHMANN FRANZ

IPC: C08F20/60 ,  D21H17/37 ,  D21H17/45

Abstract: Water-soluble polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds are made by quaternizing a condensation product of acrylamide or methacrylamide with formaldehyde and a secondary amine, which product has the general formula: in which R represents hydrogen or methyl and R1 and R2 represent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic radicals, which may be identical or different and which may bear further substituents or may be combined to form a ring system, and then copolymerizing the quaternized product with 30 to 95% by weight, with reference to the amount of monomers to be polymerized, of at least one other ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable compound in the presence of a polymerization catalyst. Compounds of the above general formula specified are diethylaminomethylene-, diethanolaminomethylene-, ethylbutylaminomethylene-, dibutylaminomethylene- and phenylmethylaminomethylene-acrylamides and methacrylamides. Quaternizing agents specified are dimethyl sulphate, C1-C8 alkyl halides and alkyl halogen compounds containing aromatic, amide, methylolamide, epoxy and nitrile substituents. Copolymerizable monomers specified are acrylic and methacrylic acids and their salts, esters, amides and nitriles, vinyl acetate and propionate, vinyl ethers, styrene, vinyl and vinylidene halides, vinylamines, maleic and fumaric acids and derivatives thereof and vinylidene cyanide. Polymerization catalysts specified are mixtures of benzoyl peroxide or potassium persulphate with formaldehyde sulphoxylate, and azobisisobutyronitrile. Polymerization may be carried out in water or in an organic solvent in which the monomers are soluble but in which the copolymers are insoluble, e.g. methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol and its monomethyl and monoethyl ethers and its monoesters and dimethyl formamide. The examples describe the preparation of three component polymers containing acrylamide and/or methacrylamide. The copolymers are soluble in water, dilute acids and, in some instances, dilute alkalies, and may be used as additives to pulp in paper making. ALSO: Quaternary ammonium compounds are made by quaternising a condensation product of acrylamide or methacrylamide with formaldehyde and a secondary amine, which condensation product has the general formula in which R represents hydrogen or methyl and R1 and R2 represent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic radicals, which may be identical or different and which may bear further substituents (e.g. hydroxyl groups) or may be combined to form a ring system. Compounds of the above general formula specified are diethylaminomethylene-, diethanolaminomethylene-, ethylbutylaminomethylene-, dibutylaminomethylene- and phenylmethylaminomethylene acrylamides and methacrylamides. Quaternising agents specified are dimethyl sulphate, C1-C8 alkyl halides and alkyl halogen compounds containing aromatic, amide, nitrile methylolamide and epoxy substituents.