Abstract:
A soft nip calender employing a compliant roll constructed of circumferentially superpositioned layers of compliant material which are progressively less compliant as the layers approach an underlying steel roll.
Abstract:
A soft nip calender employing a compliant roll constructed of circumferentially superpositioned layers of compliant material which are progressively less compliant as the layers approach an underlying steel roll.
Abstract:
A coater head (22) is positioned beneath a backing roll (24) and has a housing divided into three sections (25, 27, 41). A first coating pond (28) is defined between an overflow barrier and a first wall (33). A converging plate (32) extends between the first wall (33) and a second wall (35), and converges toward the web, and a second pond (43) is defined between the plate and an end wall (39). Coating is introduced to both ponds. A low pressure cavity (37) is defined beneath the converging plate (32) and between the first wall (33) and the second wall (35). The cavity (37) opens (72) to the second pond (43), and draws air and excess coating from the second pond (43). The web is prewetted as it passes through the first pond (28), and coating deprived of entrained air is applied to the web in the second pond (43). Coat weight uniformity and increased machine speeds are thus achievable.
Abstract:
A uniform film of coating is delivered onto a substrate such as paper, felts and blankets by a film applicator (20; 100; 120; 142) which has a static converging wedge (32; 88; 108; 128; 150), an adjustable converging wedge (33), and an extraction channel (45; 92, 112; 132; 154) located between the two wedges. As a unit, the film applicator minimizes the hydrodynamic flow instabilities, as well as reduces flow variations associated with a nonuniform feed and a dynamic contact line. The film applicator also removes entrained air and excess coating from the application zone in order to improve the flow stability and machine runnability.