Abstract:
In the systems and methods, an identifier is generated for a printed circuit board (PCB), chips are connected to the PCB, and corresponding sets of programmable bits on the chips are programmed to match specific sections of the identifier. Due to the generation of the identifier and the programming of the corresponding sets of programmable bits on the chips to match specific sections of the identifier, the validity of the chips can be verified at any time during product life. For example, for each chip, its set of programmable bits can be read and, then, a determination can be made as to whether that set of programmable bits is indeed programmed to match a specific section of the identifier. Operation of the PCB can be allowed when all the chips are determined to be valid and prohibited when any of the chips are determined to be invalid (e.g., previously used).
Abstract:
A compound resistor structure can use multiple electrically conductive pads connected by resistive elements to provide the equivalent resistance of a conventional resistor while spreading generated heat over a larger area. An array of pads and resistive elements can create larger resistances, metal connectors between rows of pads allowing current to flow from a first pad in a first row to a last pad in a last row via pads and resistive elements in each row. Fuses connecting pads in such an array can be included to allow tuning of resistance and/or other electrical properties.
Abstract:
Aspects of the present disclosure include interconnect structures for an integrated circuit (IC) structure and methods of making the same. The interconnect structures include one or more electronic devices formed on a substrate. A first interlevel dielectric (ILD) layer is over the one or more electronic devices. The interconnect structure includes a first trench in the first ILD layer. A tungsten contact fills the first trench and is in electrical contact with the one or more electronic devices. A second ILD layer is over the first ILD layer. The interconnect structure includes a second trench in the second ILD layer. Diffusion barrier liners bound all sides of the second trench except at a surface of the tungsten contact. The interconnect structure includes a copper wire filling the second trench, the copper wire in direct contact with the tungsten contact and with the diffusion barrier liners.
Abstract:
Aspects of the present disclosure include a computer-implemented method for identifying an operating temperature of an integrated circuit (IC), the method including using a computing device for: applying a test voltage to a test circuit embedded within the IC, the test circuit including a phase shift memory (PSM) element therein, wherein the PSM element crystallizes at a crystallization temperature from an amorphous phase having a first electrical resistance into a crystalline phase having a second electrical resistance, the second electrical resistance being less than the first electrical resistance; and identifying the IC as having operated above the crystallization temperature in response to a resistance of the test circuit at the test voltage being outside of the target operating range.