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    11.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1564156A1

    公开(公告)日：1970-03-05

    申请号：DE1564156

    申请日：1966-06-07

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： JEROME HARRIS THOMAS ,  FLEISHER HAROLD ,  SHAPIRO EUGENE

    IPC: G02F1/29 ,  H05H1/00 ,  G02F1/28

    Abstract: 1,142,957. Light deflectors. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 2 June, 1966 [7 June, 1965], No. 24606/66. Heading H4F. A collimated beam of monochromatic preferably circularly polarized radiation 4, Fig. 1, is deflected by directing, e.g. by means of mirror M1, the beam along a path through an ionizable gas in a container, and by creating a magnetic field along the path having an intensity varying progressively across the plane perpendicular to the path by means of polepieces 12 and 14 of electromagnet 16, the gas being excited by means of a radio frequency electric field applied by means of conductive rings 6 and 8. Since the dispersion characteristic of the gas or plasma is a function of the magnetic field, variation in the strength of the magnetic field varies the refractive index of the gas and controlled angular deflection is accomplished. The ionizable gas may comprise Helium, Argon, Krypton or Xenon and is sealed under pressure in glass or quartz cylindrical container 2. The radiation beam may be emitted from a microwave, millimeter or optical maser. The polepieces of electromagnet 16 are shaped to provide a magnetic field with constant gradient between the upper and lower surfaces of container 2. It is arranged that the electrons gyrate in the ionized gas in the same sense as the beam is circularly polarized. If the incident beam is plane polarized its plane of polarization is rotated after passing through the gas. The actual deflection in the gas takes place due to the fact that each point on the wavefront travels at a different velocity. The deflection may be controlled by varying the magnetic field strength and/or the electron density. Solid bismuth which exhibits cyclotron frequency phenomena and is transparent to long wavelength radiation may be used to increase the electron densities.

    14.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1622477A1

    公开(公告)日：1973-07-26

    申请号：DE1622477

    申请日：1964-12-17

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： HARRIS THOMAS JEROME ,  FLEISHER HAROLD ,  SHAPIRO EUGENE

    IPC: G11C13/04

    Abstract: 1,035,729. Read-only stores. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. Nov. 30, 1964 [Dec. 23, 1963], No. 48516/64. Heading G4A. An optical read-out store comprises a transparent medium wherein a series of light-reflecting layers are spaced at half-wavelength intervals in depth within each of a plurality of storage areas for each frequency to be stored in the area. Storing information (Figs. 5-7, not shown).- The light-reflecting layers are produced at the antinodes of a standing wave produced in the transparent medium by passing light of the required frequency through the medium and reflecting it back. The medium may be a photographic emulsion, diazo dye or alkali halide with colour centres. For each possible stored frequency, a separate monochromatic light source (laser or filtered arc lamp) is provided shining light through a polarizer followed by an information mask. The mask has a matrix of remanent birefringent elements, one for each storage area of the store, followed by an analyser crossed with the polarizer. To store the frequency in a selected area. the corresponding birefringent element is selected by energizing corresponding row and column wires of the matrix. Light from the analysers associated with the various frequencies is combined by means of beam splitters and imaged on to the storage medium using a size-reducing lens. Read-out.-In Fig. 9 (not shown), light containing all the storage frequencies is passed through a pair of birefringent crystals (which polarize it) and a quarter-wave plate into the store, those frequencies stored in any given storage area being reflected back to be diverted (at the gap between the two crystals) to pass through a series of light switches (one per possible frequency) each comprising an electrooptic phase plate followed by a pair of prisms. If the phase plate is energized, the resulting rotation of the plane of polarization causes the light to be deflected at the prisms through a corresponding filter which passes only one of the storage frequencies. If the phase plate is not energized, the light passes undeflected to the next of the series of light switches. Lightdeflecting means (Specification No. 976,610 is referred to in this connection) following each filter select one storage area and feed the light therefrom to a photodetector. By actuating the light switches in turn, all the frequencies stored in a given area are read from corresponding photo-detectors into a register. Fig. 11 (not shown) shows a modification in which a row of areas is selected at a time, optical fibres being used to feed a row of photo-detectors In addition, light switches are also used to select one of a number of stores. Fig. 12 (not shown) shows an embodiment in which a single frequency is used in the read-out light and a CRT is used to select a storage area by depositing charge on a corresponding area of an electrooptic crystal through which the reflected light passes to a single photo-detector Fig. 13 (not shown) shows an embodiment in which lightdeflecting means are used to direct light from a multi-frequency source to a selected storage area, the reflected light being passed through filters by means of beam-splitters to photodetectors, one per frequency.

    15.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1573575A1

    公开(公告)日：1970-06-18

    申请号：DEJ0028449

    申请日：1965-06-26

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： FLEISHER HAROLD ,  MAX KOSANKE KURT ,  T SINCERBOX GLENN

    IPC: G01N21/45 ,  G02F1/03

    Abstract: 1, 070, 336. Photo-electric inspection of coatings. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. May 25, 1965 [June 29, 1964], No. 22033/65. Heading G1A. [Also in Divisions G2 and H4] The continuity of a reflective coating on a transparent strip is detected by reflecting light off the coated strip and detecting when, in the absence of the coating, interference occurs between light reflected from the two surfaces of the strip. White light from a source 22 is polarized at 24 before entering a monochromator 25 producing an output beam the wavelength of which varies cyclicly at high frequency. This beam is scanned across the strip by a mirror drum 27 or an electro-optic light deflector. Light reflected by the coating is of substantially constant intensity and gives a D. C. output from the photo-cell 62, but when the coating is missing, an A. C. signal results as the wavelength of the incident beam passes through those wavelengths at which constructive and destructive interference occurs between the surfaces of the strip. A high-pass filter 64 detects this A. C. signal and operates a defect marker 32 through an appropriate delay 31. The mirror drum 27 may be omitted and the strip scanned by a linear beam of light transverse to strip. The monochromator may operate utilizing the rotary dispersion of an optically active crystal in combination with an electrooptical rotator as polarizer or analyzer. (See Division G2).

    19.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1929588A1

    公开(公告)日：1970-09-03

    申请号：DE1929588

    申请日：1969-06-11

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： FLEISHER HAROLD

    IPC: G21H5/00 ,  G21K1/00 ,  H01J25/78 ,  H03C3/34 ,  G02F1/00

    Abstract: 1,270,287. Transit-time tubes. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 5 June, 1969 [12 June, 1968], No. 28512/69. Heading H1D. An electromagnetic radiation beam generator includes an electron gun for projecting a beam 8 of electrons across the surface of a grating structure having a large number of equi-spaced, coplanar, conductive rulings 1, 2, . . ., 5, the wavelength of the emitted radiation being a function of the velocity of the beam and of the angle with respect to the beam at which it is viewed, and further includes means for controlling the velocity of the beam, in magnitude or direction, by an input signal, and an output device responsive to a restricted wavelength or direction of the radiation, whereby the observed direction or wavelength, respectively, is a function of the input signal. In the arrangement of Fig. 2, the viewing angle # is determined by the slit 13 in the anode 12. The input signal varies the direction of the electron beam, and hence #, by means of the deflection plates 9, 10 and hence varies the frequency of the output beam 14 which passes to an amplifier 15. If beam 14 is of optical frequency, the amplifier 15 may be either a laser which is tuned to the centre frequency of the generator and which preferably dispenses with the normal feedback mirrors, to reduce switching time and permit faster modulation, or a non-linear optical medium serving as an optical mixer; for lower frequencies, the amplifier may be a wide-band parametric amplifier. In an alternative arrangement, Fig. 4, the electron beam 8 is incident upon a transparent, tin-oxide-coated anode 42, and the output beam of radiation 44 is viewed through a narrow-band filter 20, which may be a tuned maser or laser additionally amplifying the transmitted spectral range, whereby the direction of the emitted beam 45 varies with the input signal. In a modificaton of this arrangement (Fig. 5, not shown), the grating rulings are arcs concentric with the electron beam source, and the concentric filter 20 is tuned to the maximum frequency of the emitted radiation, which occurs for # = 0, i.e. the beam of emitted radiation propagates along the extension of the electron beam path. In a further modification of the arrangement of Fig. 4 (Fig. 3, not shown), the input signal is employed to vary the anode voltage, and hence the velocity, of an undeflected electron beam, whereby the angle at which the emitted radiation beam issues from the filter 20 is correspondingly varied.

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