公开(公告)号：DE3751372D1

公开(公告)日：1995-08-03

申请号：DE3751372

申请日：1987-08-18

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： LANGDON GLEN G ,  MITCHELL JOAN L ,  PENNEBAKER WILLIAM B ,  RISSANEN JORMA J

IPC: G06T9/00 ,  H03M7/40

公开(公告)号：DE3788763T2

公开(公告)日：1994-06-23

申请号：DE3788763

申请日：1987-08-18

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： LA VERNE MITCHELL JOAN ,  PENNEBAKER WILLIAM B

IPC: G06T9/00 ,  H03M7/40

公开(公告)号：CA1291820C

公开(公告)日：1991-11-05

申请号：CA544048

申请日：1987-08-07

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： PENNEBAKER WILLIAM B ,  MITCHELL JOAN L

IPC: H03M7/40

Abstract: YO986-067 PROBABILITY ESTIMATION BASED ON DECISION HISTORY Apparatus and method for adapting the estimated probability of either the the less likely or more likely outcome (event) of a binary decision in a sequence of binary decisions involves the up-dating of the estimated probability in response to the renormalization of an augend A. The augend A changes value with each binary decision, the size of the change depending on which of the binary events has occurred as input. Re-normalization of A occurs when the A value becomes less than a prescribed minimum value AMIN. According to the invention, there may be differing contexts in which binary decisions may occur, each context having a corresponding estimated probability value which is up-dated with binary decisions in the respective context. Also according to the invention, there may be one or more possible next values for an estimated probability in response to a given binary decision event. The selection of one of multiple possible next values in response to a given binary decision event is preferably determined based on a renormalization correlation count.

公开(公告)号：CA1196087A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-29

申请号：CA426363

申请日：1983-04-07

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： MITCHELL JOAN L ,  PENNEBAKER WILLIAM B

IPC: H04N7/32 ,  G06T7/20 ,  G06T9/00 ,  H04N7/36 ,  H04N7/13

Abstract: METHOD FOR ELIMINATING MOTION INDUCED FLICKER IN A VIDEO IMAGE In an image processing system, a method is shown for efficiently transmitting data representing picture information in fields subsequent to a first field and for suppressing motion induced flicker in the processed image. Using previously processed first field data which is used to predict values for picture elements in subsequent fields, a gradient value is calculated which indicates relative picture activity. A difference value for the picture elements in the subsequent fields is calculated and is limited in magnitude by the gradient value for each picture element. The limited difference value is encoded as a function of previous difference value and transmitted to a remote location for decoding and picture reconstruction and display.

公开(公告)号：DE2617885A1

公开(公告)日：1976-11-25

申请号：DE2617885

申请日：1976-04-23

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： HOCHBERG FREDERICK ,  PENNEBAKER WILLIAM B ,  PENNINGTON KEITH S

IPC: B41J2/015 ,  B41J2/215 ,  H04N1/034 ,  B41J3/04

公开(公告)号：ES2074976T3

公开(公告)日：1995-10-01

申请号：ES87111961

申请日：1987-08-18

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： MITCHELL JOAN L ,  PENNEBAKER WILLIAM B

IPC: H03M7/40

公开(公告)号：CA1292070C

公开(公告)日：1991-11-12

申请号：CA544051

申请日：1987-08-07

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： MITCHELL JOAN L ,  PENNEBAKER WILLIAM B

IPC: G06T9/00 ,  H03M7/40

Abstract: ARITHMETIC CODING DATA COMPRESSION/DE-COMPRESSION BY SELECTIVELY EMPLOYED, DIVERSE ARITHMETIC CODING ENCODERS AND DECODERS A data compression/de-compression system includes a first arithmetic coding encoder, characterized by a first set of encoding conventions, which encoder generates a code stream that points to an interval along a number line in response to decision event inputs. The code stream can be adjusted to point to the same interval as code streams generated by one or more other arithmetic coding encoders characterized by encoding conventions differing in some way from those in the first set. In a binary context, optimal hardware encoders increment or decrement the value of the code stream in response to each occurrence of a more probable decision event while optimal software changes the code stream value for each occurrence of a less likely event. According to the invention, the code streams for optimal hardware encoders and optimal software encoders are made either identical or compatible to enable similar decoding for each. Identical or compatible code streams are obtained from encoders having different event sequence or symbol ordering along intervals on the number line. Moreover, various hardware and software decoders--with respective symbol ordering and other convention--can be used in conjunction with encoders having respective conventins, wherein each decoder Y09-85-006 retrieves the same sequence of decisions for a code stream pointing to a given intervale. In both encoding and decoding, the present invention overcomes finite precision problems of carry propagation and borrow propagation by handling data in bytes and bit stuffing at byte boundaries and by pre-brrowing as required. Y09-86-006

公开(公告)号：CA1248648A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-10

申请号：CA489570

申请日：1985-08-28

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： ANDERSON KAREN L ,  PENNEBAKER WILLIAM B ,  PENNINGTON KEITH S

IPC: G06T1/00 ,  G06T3/40 ,  H04N1/393 ,  G09G3/00

Abstract: The method according to the present invention enlarges a binary digital image by a method comprising the steps of: storing the rows of the image as a plurality of run end representations, in which a row is represented as a sequence of values giving the white and black run ends; enlarging each row of the image along the horizontal axis by altering the value of each run end representation to achieve enlargement on the horizontal axis by a factor F1; enlarging the image along the vertical axis by interpolating rows between the lines of the partially enlarged image so as to produce enlargement along the vertical axis by a factor F2; storing the enlarged size image generated by the above steps in run end form. An image enlarged by the method of the present invention may be reduced by the simple technique of dividing the image into blocks of pixels and assigning one pixel in a reduced image for each block of pixels in the larger image. Each pixel in the reduced image may by set equal to a center pixel in each block.

公开(公告)号：CA1196091A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-29

申请号：CA438410

申请日：1983-10-05

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： ANASTASSIOU DIMITRIS ,  PENNEBAKER WILLIAM B

IPC: G06T3/40 ,  H04N5/14 ,  H04N5/21

Abstract: NONLINEAR FILTERING OF GRAY SCALE IMAGES Apparatus and method are described for filtering noise from digital video images including means for determining first difference values between intensity values of current pel and one or more preceding pels, means for determining second difference values between intensity values of the current pel and one or more succeeding pels, means for limiting any of the first and second difference values that exceed a predetermined limit value, and means for generating a filtered value for the current pel by adding the intensity value of the pel to a scale summation of the limited first and second difference values.

公开(公告)号：CA960280A

公开(公告)日：1974-12-31

申请号：CA159980

申请日：1972-12-27

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： PENNEBAKER WILLIAM B

IPC: H04N5/66 ,  H01J17/49

Abstract: A low voltage gas discharge display device, the individual cells of which are addressable by half-select pulses applied to selected control and collector electrodes. In the "off" or standby state, low glow discharge occurs between an anode and a cathode which are electrically common to all of the cells. Control electrode lines, associated with rows of cells, are biased to create a current impeding ion sheath across the respective cell holes therethrough to the positively biased collector electrode lines associated with columns of cells. Half-select pulses applied to a control and collector electrode line act to reduce the ion sheath across the hole at the interselection thereof and initiate positive column glow discharge therethrough.