Abstract:
External beam radiation therapy of cancer and other abnormal proliferative processes, and immunosuppression of transplant candidates, is improved using cytokines to prevent, mitigate or reverse adverse radiation-induced toxicity, especially to hematopoietic cells. A preferred cytokine is IL-1. Higher doses of radiation can be administered and tolerated by the patient and dose-limiting marrow toxicity can be prevented, palliated or reversed using adjunct cytokine therapy.
Abstract:
A protein containing at least one pendent sulfhydryl group is directly radiolabeled with a radiometal which binds tightly to sulfhydryl groups, using one or more pendent sulfhydryl groups on the protein as endogeneous ligands and optionally using an exogeneous ligand which binds tightly to the radiometal ion to further stabilize the chelate.
Abstract:
A CEA immunoassay includes a step for inactivation of interfering human antibodies against non-human immunoglobulin, wherein a buffered serum or plasma sample at about pH 5.0 is heated at about 90°C for about 15 minutes prior to sandwich assay using capture and probe monoclonals that bind to heat-stable CEA epitopes.
Abstract:
Methods for short-range intraoperative and endoscopic detection and therapy of tumors using radiolabeled antibodies and, in some cases, techniques for reducing or correcting for non-specific background radiation to improve resolution. Therapy using external radiation and/or laser or mechanical endoscopically introduced tumor removal means can be combined with the detection methods to increase precision of the tumor removal operations.
Abstract:
An improved method of detecting and/or treating lesions in a patient in which a pre-targeting approach is used wherein the total amount of radionuclide delivered to a target cell, tissue, or pathogen is dramatically increased. In this method, the chelate conjugate may be purified by chromatography after chelate formation, may contain multiple chelates or a blood transit-modifying linker or added within the chelate conjugate, or both; or a combination of these. The improved chelate conjugates can be used as detection of therapeutic agents to detect or treat the targeted cell, tissue, or pathogen.
Abstract:
Peptide derivatives of leutenizing hormone releasing hormone that are capable of binding radionuclides are provided. The peptide derivatives are readily labeled with isotopes of rhenium or technetium, while retaining their ability to tightly bind LHRH receptors. Methods for preparing the labeled peptides and their use in methods of radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy are described.
Abstract:
A method of radiolabeling a peptide, e.g., somatostatin or an analogue thereof or vasoactive intestinal peptide, with a radioisotope of technetium or rhenium, comprises the steps of: (a) reacting the peptide with an acetyl-protected t -thiol-containing, amine-reactive bifunctional chelating agent; (b) deprotecting the acetyl- t -thiol group to generate a free t -thiol group; and either (c) admixing the peptide- t -thiol-containing conjugate with a stannous salt; and (d) reacting the mixture of step (c) with pertechnetate or perrhenate, or (c') adding reduced pertechnetate or perrhenate to said peptide- t -thiol-containing conjugate, thereby forming a radiolabeled peptide. Kits for effecting the radiolabeling method, and methods of tumor detection/imaging or therapy are provided.
Abstract:
P- and P-labeled proteins which are useful for radiotherapy are prepared by stably linking P- or P- containing molecules to targeting proteins in such a way that the targeting protein retains the ability to bind to a celular target. Methods for preparing the labeled proteins and their use in methods of radiotherapy are described.
Abstract:
A method of radiolabeling a protein with a radionuclide including contacting the protein with a protected tertiary thiol-containing bifunctional chelating agent that is capable of reacting with the protein at one end of the agent and is capable of complexing with a radionuclide at the other end of the agent, to form a protein-acetyl- t -thiol-containing conjugate. The protein-acetyl- t -thiol-containing conjugate then is deprotected and admixed with a reducing agent for the radionuclide, where the radionuclide is added in a subsequent step, to form a mixture of reducing agent and protein- t -thiol-containing conjugate. This mixture then is reacted with a radionuclide whereby the radionuclide reacts with pendant sulfhydryl groups present on the protein- t -thiol-containing conjugate. Methods of radioimmunotherapy and diagnostic kits suitable for forming a composition to be administered to a human patient also are disclosed.